第十一届宇宙东谈主民代表大会第五次会议在东谈主民大礼堂开幕松岛枫av，听取国务院总理温家宝作政府办事呈报，审查年度筹备呈报和预算呈报。以下为十一届宇宙东谈主大五次会议开幕会及政府办事呈报全文：
诸君代表：面前，我代表国务院，向大会呈报政府办事，请诸君代表审议，并请宇宙政协委员冷落意见。
Fellow Deputies, on behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval and for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
一、2011年办事牵挂
I. Review of Work in 2011
曩昔的一年，面对复杂多变的国际政治经济环境和祸患浮泛的国内转换发展任务，宇宙各族东谈主民在中国共产党指导下，同衾共枕，联结奋进，转换灵通和社会主义现代化建设获得新的紧要成就。
Last year, China faced a complex and volatile political and economic environment abroad and arduous and challenging reform and development tasks at home. Working hard with one heart and one mind under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Chinese people of all ethnic groups made significant achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
国内出产总值47.2万亿元，比上年增长9.2%；群众财政收入10.37万亿元，增长24.8%；食粮产量1.14万亿斤，再创历史新高；城镇新增作事1221万东谈主，城镇住户东谈主均可主管收入和农村住户东谈主均纯收入现实增长8.4%和11.4%。咱们巩固和扩大了搪塞国际金融危机冲击效果，已毕了“十二五”时辰讲求开局。
China's GDP reached 47.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year; government revenue was 10.37 trillion yuan, an increase of 24.8%; and the country's grain output reached a record high of 571.21 million tons. A total of 12.21 million new urban jobs were created. The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents rose in real terms by 8.4% and 11.4%, respectively. We consolidated and built upon our achievements in responding to the global financial crisis, and got the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period off to a good start.
一年来，咱们主要作念了以下办事：
We accomplished the following in our work last year.
(一)加强和改善宏不雅调控，阻挠物价过快高潮，已毕经济沉稳较快发展。
1. Strengthening and improving macro-control, preventing fast price rises, and achieving steady and robust economic development
咱们实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，对峙正确处理保持经济沉稳较快发展、治疗经济结构和不竭通胀预期的关系，愈加注重把捏好政策实施的要点、力度和节律，努力作念到调控审慎活泼、当令按捺，不竭提高政策的针对性、活泼性和前瞻性。
We followed a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and maintained a balance between ensuring steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations. We paid greater attention to implementing policies with the proper focus, force, and pace; conducted prudent and flexible macro-control on a moderate scale and in a timely fashion; and constantly made our policies more targeted, flexible, and forward-looking.
在全球通胀预期不竭增强，国际阛阓巨额商品价钱高位波动，国内要素成本瓦解上升，部分农家具供给偏紧的严峻局势下，咱们谨慎定物价总水平行为宏不雅调控的首要任务，对峙抽象施策，合理诳骗货币政策用具，转变货币信贷增速，放肆发展出产，保障供给，搞活流畅，加强监管，住户糟践价钱指数、工业出产者出厂价钱指数涨幅从8月份起逐月回落，扭转了一渡过快高潮势头。
Amid worsening inflation expectations worldwide, fluctuating and high prices of major commodities on the world market, significantly higher costs of factors of production at home, and a shortage of some agricultural products, we made ensuring general price stability our top priority in macro-control, pursued policies in an integrated way, rationally used monetary policy tools to regulate the supplies of money and credit, vigorously developed production to ensure supply, boosted distribution, and strengthened supervision. As a result, increases in the consumer price index (CPI) and the producer price index (PPI) began falling in August, thus reversing the trend of rapid inflation.
下半年，世界经济不踏实性不确定性上升，国内经济出手出现一些新情况新问题，咱们一方面对峙宏不雅调控的基本取向不变，保持宏不雅经济政策基本踏实，赓续按捺通货彭胀；一方面当令按捺预调微调，加强信贷政策与产业政策的调和配合，加大结构性减税力度，要点支柱实体经济突出是微型微型企业，要点支柱民生工程突出是保障性安堵工程，要点保证国度紧要在建、续建样子的资金需要，有针对性地科罚经济出手中的杰出矛盾。
In the second half of the year, when the global economy faced greater instability and uncertainty and when new developments and problems occurred in China's economy, we kept the basic orientation of macro-control unchanged, maintained the basic continuity of our macroeconomic policies, and continued to curb inflation. In addition, we carried out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, strengthenedcoordination between credit and industrial policies, and increased structural tax reductions. We focused on supporting the real economy, especially small and micro businesses; improving the people's wellbeing, especially by building low-income housing projects; and ensuring funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion. These well-targeted measures were taken to solve major economic problems.
咱们坚韧不移地加强房地产阛阓调控，确保调控政策落到实处、见到实效。投契、投资性需求得到瓦解扼制，多数城市房价环比着落，调控效果正在败露。咱们高度喜爱防止和化解财政金融边界的潜在风险隐患，实时对处所政府性债务进行全面审计，摸清了多年酿成的处所政府性债务的总限制、酿成原因、偿还时限和区域分散。这些债务在经济社会发展中阐述了积极作用，酿成了大都优质钞票；也存在一些风险隐患，突出是部分偿债才调较弱地区存在局部性风险。
We steadfastly tightened regulation of the real estate market and ensured that control policies were fully carried out and achieved real progress. Consequently, speculative or investment-driven housing demand has been significantly curbed, housing prices in most Chinese cities have fallen month on month, and the results of our control measures are beginning to show. We attached great importance to guarding against and eliminating latent risks which exist in the banking and public finance sectors. We fully audited local government debt in a timely manner, and obtained a clear picture of the total amount, due dates, geographic distribution, and causes of the debts local governments incurred over the years. These debts have played a positive role in promoting economic and social development and produced a large amount of quality assets. However, they also contained risks and hidden dangers, and some localities with poor ability to pay their debts were at risk of default.
咱们厚爱开展债务清算整顿和法度办事，严格按捺增量，积极恰当科罚债务偿还和在建样子后续融资问题。面前，我国政府性债务水平是可控的、安全的。总的看，我国国民经济赓续朝着宏不雅调控预期概念发展，抗风险才调不竭增强，呈现增长较快、价钱趋稳、效益较好、民生改善的讲求态势。
We sorted out and standardized these debts, imposed a cap on their increase, and actively yet prudently solved problems related to the repayment of such debts and additional funding for ongoing projects. Government debt in China now is at a controllable and secure level. China's economy as a whole continues to grow as we anticipated in our exercise of macro-controls and has become more resilient. Economic growth is robust, prices are stabilizing, economic returns are good, and the people's wellbeing is improving.
(二)加速转变经济发展面容，提高发展的调和性和产业的竞争力。
2. Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making development more coordinated and industries more competitive.
咱们对峙有扶有控，促进结构治疗和优化升级，增强发展潜力。
We supported development in some areas while limiting growth in others, and carried out economic structural adjustments and upgrading to increase the sustainability of development.
巩固和加强农业基础。全面落实强农惠农富农政策，加大农业出产补贴力度，稳步提高食粮最低收购价，加强以农田水利为要点的农业农村基础设施建设，开展农村地皮整治，加强农业科技服务和抗灾减灾，中央财政“三农”开销突出1万亿元，比上年增多1839亿元。农业全面丰充，食粮总产量已毕了历史荒僻的“八连增”，一语气5年超万亿斤，象征着我国食粮抽象出产才调踏实跃上新台阶。
We consolidated and strengthened the agricultural foundation. We fully implemented the policy of strengthening agriculture, benefitting farmers, and enriching rural areas. We increased subsidies for agricultural production, and the minimum purchase price for grain rose steadily. We strengthened agricultural and rural infrastructure, with priority given to irrigation and water conservancy projects, improved rural land, increased scientific and technological services for agriculture, and improved our ability to respond to and mitigate natural disasters. Central government spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers exceeded one trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 183.9 billion yuan. We had a bumper harvest in all sectors of agriculture. China's grain output increased for the eighth consecutive year, which has rarely been seen in history. Grain output in each of the past five years has exceeded 500 million tons, which shows that China's overall grain production capacity has reached a new level.
赓续激动农村危房改造，科罚了6398万农村东谈主口的饮水穷苦和60万无电地区东谈主口的用电问题，农村出产生涯条款进一步改善。
We continued to renovate dilapidated houses in rural areas, ensured the safety of potable water for 63.98 million additional rural residents, delivered electricity to 600,000 people in areas that had no power supply, and further improved rural working and living conditions.
加速产业结构优化升级。放肆培育计谋性新兴产业，新能源、新材料、生物医药、高端装备制造、新能源汽车快速发展，三网会通、云狡计、物联网试点示范办事要领加速。企业兼并重组获得新进展。
We accelerated the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. We energetically fostered strategic emerging industries and accelerated development of new energy, new materials, biomedicines, high-end equipment manufacturing and new-energy vehicles, and we sped up pilot projects and demonstrations for integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet, along with the development of cloud computing and the Internet of Things. We made progress in enterprise mergers and reorganizations.
支柱要点产业振兴和手艺改造，中央预算投资安排150亿元，支柱4000多个样子，带动总投资3000亿元。加速发展信息征询、电子商务等现代服务业，新兴服务边界不竭拓宽。交通运载产业快速发展，经济社会发展的基础进一步夯实。
We allocated 15 billion yuan from the central government budget to support more than 4,000 projects to boost key industries and upgrade their technologies. This seed capital attracted a total investment of 300 billion yuan. We accelerated the development of information consulting, e-commerce and other modern service industries, and expanded new service areas. The transportation industry developed quickly, thereby further strengthening the foundation for China's economic and social development.
激动节能减排和生态环境保护。发布实施“十二五”节能减排抽象性办事决议、按捺温室气体排放办事决议和加强环境保护要点办事的意见。清洁能源发电装机达到2.9亿千瓦，比上年增多3356万千瓦。加强要点节能环保工程建设，新增城镇浑水日处理才调1100万吨，5000多万千瓦新增燃煤发电机组全部安设脱硫设施。加大对高耗能、高排放和产能充足行业的调控力度，淘汰过期的水泥产能1.5亿吨、真金不怕火铁产能3122万吨、焦炭产能1925万吨。
We made progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the ecological environment. We adopted and implemented the Comprehensive Work Plan for Conserving Energy and Reducing Emissions and the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the Guidelines on Strengthening Key Environmental Protection Tasks. The installed power capacity using clean energy reached 290 million kW, an increase of 33.56 million kW over the previous year. We strengthened the development of major energy conservation and environmental protection projects. We increased daily sewage treatment capacity by 11 million tons in urban areas, and installed desulphurization systems on all new coal-fired power-generating units with a total capacity of over 50 million kW. We tightened controls over industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity, and closed down outdated production facilities whose production capacity amounted to 150 million tons of cement, 31.22 million tons of iron, and 19.25 million tons of coke.
实施自然林保护二期工程并提高补助尺度，实行草原生态保护奖补政策，开展湖泊生态环境保护试点。植树造林9200多万亩。
We implemented the second phase of the project to protect virgin forests and raised related subsidies, carried out the policy of giving rewards and subsidies for grassland ecological conservation, and launched pilot projects to protect the ecological environment of lakes. And we planted 6.13 million hectares of trees.
促进区域经济调和发展。深入实施区域发展总体计谋和宇宙主体功能区霸术。出台实施促进西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展的一系列优惠政策。制定实施新10年农村扶贫开采纲要和兴边富民行动霸术。区域发展调和性进一步增强，中西部和东北地区主要经济概念增速高于宇宙平均水平，东部地区产业转型升级要领加速。
We promoted the balanced development of regional economies. We thoroughly implemented the master strategy for regional development and the national plan for developing functional zones. We introduced preferential policies to promote the leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang; and formulated and implemented a rural poverty alleviation and development program for the next ten years and an action plan to bring prosperity to border areas and the people there. As a result, regional developmentbecame better balanced, major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average, and the eastern region accelerated industrial transformation and upgrading.
城镇化率突出50%，这是中国社会结构的一个历史性变化。顺利完成四川汶川额外面震灾后收复重建任务，积极激动青海玉树、甘肃舟曲、云南盈江抗灾救灾和收复重建办事。
China's urbanization level exceeded 50%, marking a historic change in the country's social structure. We completed reconstruction in Wenchuan, Sichuan, which was hit by a massive earthquake in 2008, and made major progress in disaster relief and reconstruction in Yushu, Qinghai; Zhugqu, Gansu; and Yingjiang, Yunnan.
(三)放肆发展社会功绩，促进经济社会调和发展。
3. Developing social services and promoting balanced economic and social development。
各级政府加大对科技、阐明、文化、卫生、体育功绩的参预，宇宙财政开销2.82万亿元。
Governments at all levels increased spending on science and technology, education, culture, health, and sports programs, with the total amount reaching 2.82 trillion yuan.
持续擢升科技创新才调。加强基础磋议和前沿手艺磋议。实施国度科技紧要专项，突破一些枢纽中枢手艺，填补了多项紧要家具和装备的空缺。玉阙一号概念遨游器与神舟八号飞船先后到手放射并到手交会对接，成为我国载东谈主航天发展史上新的里程碑。[/cn]
We continued to enhance China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities. We strengthened basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies. We carried out major national research and development projects, made breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and filled in many gaps in important products and technologies. The Tiangong-1 space module and the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft were launched, and Shenzhou-8 successfully docked with Tiangong-1, marking a new milestone in China's development of manned spaceflights.
[cn]塌实激动阐明公正。深入贯彻落实阐明转换和发展霸术纲要。经过25年金石可镂的努力，全面已毕“两基”概念。免除3000多万名农村投宿制学生住宿费，其中1228万名中西部家庭经济穷苦学生享受生涯补助。建立起竣工的家庭经济穷苦学生资助体系。初步科罚农民工随迁子女在城市接受义务阐明的问题。
We made solid progress in making education more equitable. We thoroughly implemented the Plan for Education Reform and Development. Thanks to tireless efforts over the past 25 years, we have fully attained the goals of making nine-year compulsory education universally available and basically eliminating illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults. Over 30 million rural boarding school students were exempted fromaccommodation expenses, and 12.28 million of them who are from poor families in the central and western regions received living allowances. A comprehensive system for providing aid to students from poor families was put in place. The children of rural migrant workers were generally granted access to compulsory education in cities where they live.
推动实施“学前阐明三年行动筹备”，提高幼儿入园率。放肆发展职业阐明。加强中小学教师培训办事，扩大中小学教师职称轨制转换试点，提高中小学教师部队合座素养。首届免费师范生全部到中小学任教，90%以上在中西部。
A three-year action plan for preschool education was carried out, and the number of children enrolled in preschool increased. We vigorously developed vocational education. We strengthened training of primary and secondary school teachers, expanded trials of reforming the system of conferring professional titles on them, and raised their overall quality. All the graduates of 2011 who received tuition-free education in teachers' colleges and universities went to teach in primary and secondary schools, with over 90% of them working in central and western China.
放肆加强文化建设。中央财政加大对文化惠民工程的支柱，各地对公益性文化功绩参预显耀增多。扩大群众文化设施免费灵通范围，服务面沉着拓展。文化体制转换赓续激动，文化产业快速发展。文物保护、非物资文化遗产保护和传承获得重要进展。放肆加强群众体育设施建设，全民健身行径兴盛开展，体育功绩获得新收货。
We vigorously strengthened development of the cultural sector. The central government increased financial support for cultural programs that benefit the people, and local governments significantly increased spending on nonprofit cultural programs. We increased the number of public cultural facilities open to the public free of charge, and steadily expanded their services. We continued to reform the cultural system, and cultural industries developed rapidly. Major progress was made in protecting cultural relics and in protecting and passing on China's intangible cultural heritage. We put great effort into building public sports facilities, vigorously developed fitness activities across the country, and made new achievements in sports activities.
积极恰当激动医药卫惹功绩转换发展。基本医疗保障遮掩范围赓续扩大，13亿城乡住户参保，全民医保体系初步酿成。政策范围内入院用度报销比例提高，紧要疾病医疗保障病种范围进一步扩大。各级财政对城镇住户医保和新农合的补助尺度由每东谈主每年120元提高到200元。国度基本药物轨制在政府办下层医疗卫祈望构已毕全遮掩，基本药物安全性提高、价钱着落。公立病院转换试点有序进行。下层医疗卫生服务体系基本建成。基本群众卫生服务均等化获得新进展。
We actively yet prudently carried out reform and development of medical and healthcare services. We further expanded coverage of basic medical insurance, so that now 1.3 billion urban and rural residents are covered. A medical insurance system that covers the whole population is emerging. We raised the reimbursement rate for hospitalization expenses covered by relevant policies, and expanded the range of major diseases for which medical treatment is insured. Governments at all levels increased per-person subsidies for the medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system from 120 yuan per year to 200 yuan per year. We implemented the national system for basic drugs in all community-level medical and health care institutions run by the government, and basic drugs became safer and more affordable. We progressed in an orderly fashion with trials of reforming public hospitals, basically established a community medical and health care service system, and made progress in providing equal access to basic public health services.
(四)切实保障和改善民生，科罚关系群众躬行利益的问题。
4. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and solving problems that affect their interests.
咱们对峙民生优先，努力使发展效果惠及全体东谈主民，促进社会公正正义。
We continued to put the people's wellbeing first, worked hard to bring the benefit of development to all, and promoted social fairness and justice.
实施愈加积极的作事政策。多渠谈开采作事岗亭，全力推动以创业带动作事，加强职业技能培训和群众作事服务体系建设。加大财政、税收、金融等方面支柱力度，服从促进高校毕业生、农民工等要点东谈主群作事。高校毕业生首次作事率77.8%，同比提高1.2个百分点。农民工总量2.53亿东谈主，比上年增长4.4%，其中，出门农民工1.59亿东谈主，增长3.4%。
We implemented a more active employment policy. We created jobs through a variety of channels, expanded job opportunities through the creation of new businesses, strengthened vocational skills training, and improved the public employment service system. We increased fiscal, taxation, and financial support to promote employment of university graduates, rural migrant workers, and other key groups. The employment rate for college graduates reached 77.8%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points over the previous year. The number of rural workers totaled 253 million, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year, of whom 159 million worked in towns and cities, up 3.4%.
积极治疗收入分拨关系。服从提上下收入群众收入。农村住户东谈主均纯收入现实增速为1985年以来最高，一语气两年快于城镇住户；各地深广较大幅度调高最低工资尺度；一语气第7年提高企业退休东谈主员基本待业金，全年东谈主均增多1680元，5700多万东谈主受益；进一步提高城乡低保补助水平以及部分优抚对象抚恤和生涯补助尺度，对宇宙城乡低保对象、农村五保侍奉对象等8600多万名穷苦群众披发一次性生涯补贴；建立社会转圜和保障尺度与物价高潮挂钩的联动机制。扩大中等收入者所占比重。
We adjusted income distribution. We worked hard to increase the income of low-income people. Per capita net income of rural residents in real terms registered the fastest growth since 1985, outpacing urban residents for the second straight year. We significantly increased the minimum wage across the country. Basic pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the seventh consecutive year, with an average increase of 1,680 yuan per person for the year, which benefited over 57 million people. We further increased subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents and subsidies and living allowances for some entitled groups, and granted lump-sum living allowances to more than 86 million people in need, including subsistence allowance recipients in urban and rural areas and childless and infirm rural residents who are entitled to five forms of support (food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses). We instituted a mechanism to increase social aid and social security benefits when consumer prices rise. The proportion of middle-income earners in the whole population increased.
个东谈主所得税起征点从2000元提高到3500元。镌汰900多万个体工商户税负。中央决定将农民东谈主均纯收入2300元(2010年不变价)行为新的国度扶贫尺度，比2009年提高92%，把更多农村低收入东谈主口纳入扶贫范围，这是社会的巨猛进步。
We raised the salary threshold for personal income tax from 2,000 yuan to 3,500 yuan. We reduced the tax burden on over nine million self-employed people. The central government set the new poverty line at 2,300 yuan, which was the per capita net income in rural areas at 2010 prices, an increase of 92% over 2009. This resulted in more low-income people being covered by the government's poverty reduction program, which constitutes tremendous social progress.
加强社会保障体系建设。社会保障遮掩范围赓续扩大，宇宙参加城镇基本养老保障、失业保障、工伤保障和生育保障东谈主数大幅增多。2147个县(市、区)实施城镇住户社会养老保障试点，1334万东谈主参保，641万东谈主领取待业金。2343个县(市、区)开展新式农村社会养老保障试点，3.58亿东谈主参保，9880万东谈主领取待业金，遮掩面扩大到60%以上。
We bolstered the development of the social security system. We continued to expand coverage of social security, and the number of people covered by basic old-age insurance for urban residents, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance rose substantially nationwide. We carried out trials of old-age insurance for non-working urban residents in 2,147 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 13.34 million residents, and 6.41 million residents received pensions. We launched trials of a new type of old-age insurance for rural residents in 2,343 counties and county-level cities and districts, covering 358 million people, and 98.8 million people received pensions. We extended coverage of this insurance to more than 60% of China's counties.
科罚了500多万名集体企业退休东谈主员养老保障的历史留传问题。将312万名企业“老工伤”东谈主员和工一火员工侍奉支属纳入工伤保障统筹不竭。养老保障跨地区转变接续办事有序激动。社会保障体系不竭健全，向轨制全遮掩迈出紧要要领，这是激动基本群众服务均等化获得的重要成就。
We solved longstanding problems concerning pensions for more than five million retirees of collectively owned enterprises. We included 3.12 million persons who suffer from past work-related injuries and dependents of employees who lost their lives in work-related accidents in workers' compensation insurance. We worked in an orderly way to make it possible to transfer pension accounts between localities. We continued to improve the social security system and made significant progress in extending coverage to all residents. This was an important achievement for ensuring equal access to basic public services for all.
放肆激动保障性安堵工程建设。出台对于保障性安堵工程建设和不竭的指导意见，完善财政参预、地皮供应、信贷支柱、税费减免等政策，服从提高霸术建设和工程质地水平，制定保障性住房分拨、不竭、退出等轨制和办法。中央财政安排资金1713亿元，是2010年的2.2倍，全年城镇保障性住房基本建成432万套，新开工建设1043万套。
We accelerated the construction of low-income housing. We adopted guidelines on construction and management of low-income housing; improved policies on government input, land supply, credit support, and tax and fee reductions; strove to improve project planning and construction quality; and introduced a system and measures for distributing, managing, and recalling low-income housing. The central government allocated 171.3 billion yuan for these purposes, an increase of 120% over 2010. We basically completed 4.32 million units of low-income urban housing and began construction on a further 10.43 million units.
努力顾惜社会群众安全。加强安全出产监管，作念好重特大安全事故的处置、访谒、问责办事。完善食物安全监管体制机制，皆集打击、整治造孽添加和坐法出产加工步履。对峙以东谈主为本、服务为先，加强和创新社会不竭，服从排查化解各类社会矛盾，照章打击坐法坐法行径，保持社会和谐踏实。
We worked hard to safeguard public safety. We intensified oversight and supervision of workplace safety and ensured that major accidents were fully investigated and dealt with and those responsible were held accountable. We improved the system and mechanisms for oversight and supervision of food safety, and gave high priority to cracking down on the use of illegal additives and the illegal production and processing of food. We put people and services first, strengthened and made innovations in social administration, strove to investigate and resolve social conflicts, cracked down on crime in accordance with the law, and maintained social harmony and stability.
(五)深入激动转换灵通，为经济社会发展注入新的活力和能源。
5. Deepening reform and opening up and injecting new vitality and impetus into economic and social development.
咱们按照“十二五”霸术冷落的转换任务，加大攻坚力度，推动要点边界和枢纽才略的转换。
We intensified efforts to overcome difficulties and carried forward reform in major areas and key links to meet reform targets set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.
完善群众财政体系突出是预算不竭轨制，把预算外资金全部纳入预算不竭，扩大国有本钱运筹帷幄预算实施范围，深化部门预算转换，激动政府预算、决算公开，98个中央部门和北京、上海、广东、陕西等省市公开“三公经费”。在宇宙范围实施原油、自然气资源税从价计征转换，出台营业税改征升值税试点决议。把跨境贸易东谈主民币结算范围扩大到宇宙，启动境外径直投资东谈主民币结算试点，开展外商径直投资东谈主民币结算业务。
We improved the public finance system, particularly the budget management system. We put all extrabudgetary funds under budgetary management; expanded the scope of budgets for the use of state capital; deepened the reform requiring government departments to prepare their own budgets; and moved ahead with publicly releasing government budgets and final accounts. Ninety-eight central government departments as well as provincial and municipal governments, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong and Shaanxi, publicly released information regarding their spending on official overseas trips, official vehicles and official hospitality. We carried out a price-based reform of resource taxes on crude oil and natural gas nationwide, and introduced a plan to replace business tax with value-added tax (VAT) on a trial basis. We extended the use of RMB in cross-border trade settlement to the whole country, launched trials for settling overseas direct investment accounts in RMB, and began settling foreign direct investment accounts in RMB.
深化集体林权轨制转换，启动国有林场转换试点，照章开展草原承包运筹帷幄登记。激动水利建设不竭体制转换，创新水资源不竭体制。深化国有企业转换。启动实施电网主辅分离转换重组以及上网电价和非住户用电价钱治疗决议。基本完成州里机构转换。功绩单元分类转换有序开展。
We deepened reform of tenure in collective forests, launched a trial reform of state forestry farms, and started registration for contracting pastureland in accordance with the law. We pressed ahead with reform of the system for managing the construction of water conservancy facilities and made innovations in the system for managing water resources; and deepened reform of state-owned enterprises. We carried out reform to restructure power grids by separating their main business from auxiliary services and implemented the plan to adjust the prices of on-grid electricity and non-household electricity. We basically completed the reform of county and town government bodies, and proceeded with the reform of public institutions through classification in an orderly manner.
咱们对峙出口和入口并重，利用外资和对外投资并举，全面擢升灵通型经济水平。积极激动阛阓多元化计谋，努力优化贸易结构。全年货品收支口总数3.64万亿好意思元，增长22.5%，其中，出口增长20.3%，入口增长24.9%，贸易顺差进一步着落。现实使用外商径直投资1160亿好意思元，服务业和中西部地区比重提高。企业“走出去”要领加速，非金融类对外径直投资601亿好意思元。积极参与国际和区域经济合作，多边双边经贸关系赓续深化。
We continued to put equal emphasis on exports and imports, encouraged foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas, and made comprehensive improvements to China's open economy. We actively pursued the strategy of diversifying markets and improved the trade mix. China's total volume of trade in goods totaled US$ 3.64 trillion for the year, up 22.5%. Exports and imports grew by 20.3% and 24.9%, respectively, and our trade surplus decreased further. Total utilized foreign direct investment was $116 billion, and a larger proportion of it went to service industries and the central and western regions. Chinese companies expanded their overseas presence, and non-financial outward direct investment reached $60.1 billion. We actively participated in international and regional economic cooperation and continued to deepen multilateral and bilateral economic and trade relations.
咱们在民主法制建设、国防和部队建设、港澳台办事和社交办事等方面，都获得了卓有见效的进展。
We made outstanding progress in improving democracy and the legal system; strengthening national defense and building up the armed forces; and in our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and our diplomatic work.
曩昔一年的收货难得重视，骄横了中国脾气社会主义的优胜性和人命力，增强了中华英才的自重感和凝合力。这所以胡锦涛同道为总布告的党中央科学决策、正确指导的终端，是全党三军宇宙各族东谈主民皆心合力、放肆拼搏的终端。
Our hard-won achievements over the past year are a testament to the strength and vitality of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and have enhanced the pride and cohesiveness of the Chinese nation. We owe these achievements to the sound decisions made by the Party Central Committee, with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, and its correct leadership, as well as the concerted efforts and hard work of the Party, the armed forces, and the people of all ethnic groups in China.
我代表国务院，向宇宙各族东谈主民，向各民主党派、各东谈主民团体和各界东谈主士，默示诚笃的感谢！向香港突出行政区本族、澳门突出行政区本族、台湾本族和外洋侨胞，默示诚笃的感谢！向关爱和支柱中国现代化建设的列国政府、国际组织和列国一又友，默示诚笃的感谢！
On behalf of the State Council, I wish to sincerely thank the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations, and people from all sectors of society. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to our compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese. I also wish to express my sincere appreciation to governments of other countries, international organizations, and foreign friends around the world who show understanding for and support China in its pursuit of modernization.
咱们也领路地看到，我国经济社会发展仍然濒临不少穷苦和挑战。从国际看，世界经济复苏程度浮泛逶迤，国际金融危机还在发展，一些国度主权债务危机短期内难以缓解。主要发达经济体失业率居高难下，增长能源不及，新兴经济体濒临通货彭胀和经济增速回落的双重压力。主要货币汇率剧烈波动，巨额商品价钱大幅轰动。国际贸易投资保护主义强化。从国内看，科罚体制性结构性矛盾，缓解发展抵抗衡、不调和、不可持续的问题更为紧要、难度更大，经济出手中又出现不少新情况新问题。
We are keenly aware that China still faces many difficulties and challenges in economic and social development. Internationally, the road to global economic recovery will be tortuous, the global financial crisis is still evolving, and some countries will find it hard to ease the sovereign debt crisis any time soon. The unemployment rate remains high in the major developed economies, and they lack impetus for growth. Emerging economies face the dual pressures of inflation and slowing economic growth. The exchange rates of major currencies and the prices of important commodities are experiencing sharp fluctuations. Protectionism in international trade and investment is mounting. Domestically, it has become more urgent but also more difficult to solve institutional and structural problems and alleviate the problem of unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development. In addition, China's economy is encountering new problems.
主若是：经济增长存不才行压力，物价水平仍处高位，房地产阛阓调控处于枢纽阶段，农业踏实发展、农民持续增收难度加大，作事总量压力与结构性矛盾并存，一些企业突出是微型微型企业运筹帷幄穷苦增多，部分行业产能充足突显，能源糟践总量增长过快。一些始终矛盾与短期问题互相交汇，结构性身分和周期性身分互相作用，国内问题和国际问题互关系联，宏不雅调控濒临愈加复杂的风光。
There is downward pressure on economic growth. Prices remain high. Regulation of the real estate market is in a crucial stage. It is getting harder to maintain steady development of agriculture and sustain increases in rural incomes. Pressure to increase total employment coexists with structural shortages of qualified personnel in some industries. Some enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, face increasing difficulties in their operations. Some industries are plagued by excess production capacity. Total energy consumption is growing excessively fast. Moreover, some long-term and short-term problems are interwoven; structural and cyclical factors affect each other; domestic and international problems have become interrelated; and our macro-control work faces a more complex situation.
政府办事仍存在一些弊端和不及，节能减排、物价调控概念莫得完成；征地拆迁、安全出产、食物药品安全、收入分拨等方面问题还很杰出，群众响应激烈；政府不竭和服务水平有待提高，廉政建设亟需加强。
There are still some deficiencies and shortcomings in the government's work. Targets for conserving energy, reducing emissions, and controlling prices are not being met. Problems concerning land expropriation, housing demolition, workplace safety, food and drug safety, and income distribution are still very serious and the people are still very concerned about them. Government administration and services need to be improved, and efforts to build clean government need to be intensified.
咱们一定要以对国度和东谈主民高度负责的精神，接纳愈加有劲的措施，切实科罚存在的问题，努力把各项办事作念得更好，决不亏负东谈主民的重托。
We must act with a strong sense of responsibility toward the country and the people, take more effective steps to resolve these problems, strive to do all our work better, and truly live up to the people's expectations.
二、2012年办事总体部署
II. Major Steps to Be Taken in Government Work in 2012
本年是“十二五”时辰起承转合的重要一年，亦然本届政府任期的终末一年。咱们要恪遵法守、锐意逾越、攻坚克难、决不懈怠，交出一份东谈主民陶然的答卷。
This year is an important year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and the last year of the term of my government. We must dedicate ourselves to our duties, forge ahead with determination, tackle difficult problems directly, and work diligently to achieve results that satisfy the people.
我国发展仍处于重要计谋机遇期，在较万古辰内赓续保持经济沉稳较快发展具备不少成心条款。工业化、城镇化和农业现代化快速激动，糟践结构和产业结构升级贮蓄着巨大的需求潜力；经过30多年转换灵通，我国发展建立了讲求的物资基础和体制条款，宏不雅调控训导不竭丰富，企业竞争力和抗风险才调瓦解提高；东部地区创新发展才调增强，中西部地区和东北等老工业基地发展潜力有序开释；经济发展的传统上风仍是存在，劳能源资源丰富、素养提高；财政收支情景讲求，金融体系出手稳健，社会资金相比充裕。
We are still in an important period of strategic opportunities for China's development, and there are a number of favorable conditions for us to maintain steady and robust economic development for a long time. Industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization are proceeding rapidly, and improvements in the consumption pattern and the industrial structure will create huge potential demand. In the course of over 30 years of reform and opening up, we have built a solid material foundation and institutional conditions for development and gained rich experience in macro-control. Our enterprises have become significantly more competitive and resilient. The eastern region has greater capacity for innovation and development, and the development potential of the central and western regions and the old industrial bases in northeast China is being constantly unleashed. We still have our traditional strengths in economic development, as well as rich human resources and a more skilled workforce. We have a good balance between government revenue and expenditures and a sound financial system, and there is ample nongovernmental capital.
世界经济政治样子正在发生深远变化，和平、发展、合作仍然是期间潮水，总体上成心于我国和平发展。咱们要坚韧信心，善于诳骗成心条款和积极身分，赓续收拢和用好重要计谋机遇期，推动经济沉稳较快发展，不竭增强我国的抽象国力和国际影响力。
The global economic and political patterns are undergoing profound changes; peace, development, and cooperation remain the underlying trends of the times, and overall the situation is favorable for China's peaceful development. We need to have firm confidence, capitalize on favorable conditions and factors, and continue to grasp and make the most of this important period of strategic opportunities to promote steady and robust economic development, and continue to enhance China's overall strength and its international influence.
咱们要高举中国脾气社会主义伟大旌旗，以邓小平表面和“三个代表”重要想想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展不雅，对峙稳中求进，加强和改善宏不雅调控，赓续处理好保持经济沉稳较快发展、治疗经济结构和不竭通胀预期的关系，加速激动经济发展面容转变和经济结构治疗，服从扩大国内需求突出是糟践需求，服从加强自主创新和节能减排，服从深化转换灵通，服从保障和改善民生，全面激动社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态时髦建设，努力已毕经济沉稳较快发展和物价总水平基本踏实，保持社会和谐踏实，以经济社会发展的优异收货招待党的十八大顺利召开。
We must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, make progress while maintaining stability, and strengthen and improve macro-control. We will continue to balance maintaining steady and robust economic development, adjusting the economic structure, and managing inflation expectations; accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjustment of the economic structure; vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand; make every effort to strengthen innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction; and strive to deepen reform and opening up and ensure and improve the people's wellbeing. We will comprehensively advance socialist economic development, political, cultural and social progress, and ecological awareness. We will strive to achieve steady and robust economic development and overall price stability, maintain social harmony and stability, and greet the coming Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC with outstanding achievements in economic and social development.
本年经济社会发展的主要预期概念是：国内出产总值增长7.5%；城镇新增作事900万东谈主以上，城镇登记失业率按捺在4.6%以内；住户糟践价钱涨幅按捺在4%傍边；收支口总数增长10%傍边，国际收支情景赓续改善。同期，要在产业结构治疗、自主创新、节能减排等方面获得新进展，城乡住户收入现实增长和经济增长保持同步。
The main targets for this year's economic and social development are as follows: to increase GDP by 7.5%, create more than 9 million new jobs in towns and cities, keep the registered urban unemployment rate at or below 4.6%, hold increases in the CPI to around 4%, increase the volume of total exports and imports by around 10%, and continue to improve our balance of payments. At the same time, we will make further progress in industrial restructuring, innovation, energy conservation, and emissions reduction, and ensure that both urban and rural residents' real incomes increase in line with economic growth.
这里要精通阐明，国内出产总值增长概念稍许调低，主若是要与“十二五”霸术概念沉着衔尾，指引各方面把办事服从点放到加速转变经济发展面容、切实提高经济发展质地和效益上来，以利于已毕更万古辰、更高水平、更好质地发展。冷落住户糟践价钱涨幅按捺在4%傍边，抽象谈判了输入性通胀身分、要素成本上升影响以及住户承受才调，也为价钱转换预留一定空间。
Here I wish to stress that in setting a slightly lower GDP growth rate, we hope to make it fit with targets in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and to guide people in all sectors to focus their work on accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and making economic development more sustainable and efficient, so as to achieve higher-level, higher-quality development over a longer period of time. In projecting a CPI increase of around 4%, we have taken into account imported inflation, rising costs of factors of production, and people's ability to absorb the impact of price increases, while leaving room for the effect of price reforms.
抽象谈判各方面情况，要赓续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，证据局势变化当令按捺预调微调，进一步提高政策的针对性、活泼性和前瞻性。
Taking into consideration all relevant factors, we will continue to follow a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, carry out timely and appropriate anticipatory adjustments and fine-tuning, and make our policies more targeted, flexible, and anticipatory.
赓续实施积极的财政政策。保持按捺的财政赤字和国债限制。本年拟安排财政赤字8000亿元，赤字率着落到1.5%傍边，其中中央财政赤字5500亿元，代发处所债2500亿元。优化财政开销结构、杰出要点，愈加注重向民生边界歪斜，加大对阐明、文化、医疗卫生、作事、社会保障、保障性安堵工程等方面的参预。愈加注重加强薄弱才略，加大对“三农”、欠发达地区、科技创新和节能环保、水利、地质找矿等的支柱。愈加注重节约从简，严格按捺“三公经费”，放肆精简会议和文献，深化公事用车轨制转换，进一步镌汰行政成本。
We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy. We will keep the deficit and government debt at appropriate levels. This year, we are projecting a deficit of 800 billion yuan, a decrease to around 1.5% of GDP, which consists of a 550 billion yuan central government deficit and 250 billion yuan of bonds issued on behalf of local governments. We will improve the structure of expenditures and give priority to spending in key areas. We will increase spending on areas which are important to the people's wellbeing, such as education, culture, medical and health care, employment, social security, and low-income housing projects. We will pay greater attention to strengthening weak links, and increase funding for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, underdeveloped areas, scientific and technological innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, water conservancy, and geological prospecting. We will be more economical; strictly restrict spending on official overseas trips, vehicles for official use, and official hospitality; greatly reduce meetings and documents; deepen reform of the system for the use of official cars; and further reduce administrative costs.
赓续按捺楼堂馆所建设限制和尺度，压缩大型通达会场馆建设参预。全面加强对要点边界、要点部门和要点资金的审计。实施结构性减税。厚爱落实和完善支柱微型微型企业和个体工商户发展的各项税收优惠政策，开展营业税改征升值税试点。赓续对行政治业性收费和政府性基金进行清算、整合和法度。加强处所政府性债务不竭和风险防止。按照分类不竭、区别对待、沉着化解的原则，赓续妥善处理存量债务。
We will continue to restrict the construction of office buildings in terms of both size and grades, and reduce spending on building large gymnasiums and stadiums. We will also comprehensively strengthen auditing of key areas, sectors, and funds. We will introduce structural tax reductions. We will fully implement and improve all preferential tax policies to support the development of small, micro and individually owned businesses, and carry out pilot projects to replace business tax with VAT. We will continue to investigate the collection and use of administrative fees and operations of government-managed funds, merge them where necessary, and ensure fees are collected and government-managed funds are operated in a standardized way. We will strengthen supervision of local government debt and guard against risks. We will continue to deal with outstanding debts properly by classifying them into different categories and managing them accordingly, dealing with different situations differently, and resolving problems gradually.
进一步清算法度处所政府融资平台公司。坚决辞谢各级政府以千般格式违规担保、承诺。同期，把短期搪塞措施和始终轨制建设结合起来，严格按捺处所政府新增债务，将处所政府债务收支分类纳入预算不竭。
We will further investigate and standardize financing companies run by local governments. Governments at all levels are prohibited from making guarantees and promises in this respect in violation of laws and regulations. At the same time, we will both take short-term measures and build permanent systems, strictly limit new local government debt, and place revenue and expenditures of local government debt under budgetary management on the basis of their type.
赓续实施稳健的货币政策。按照总量按捺、审慎活泼的要求，兼顾促进经济沉稳较快发展、保持物价踏实和防止金融风险。抽象诳骗千般货币政策用具，转变妙品币信贷供求，保持社会融资限制合理增长。广义货币预期增长14%。优化信贷结构，支柱国度要点在建、续建样子和保障性安堵工程建设，加强对适合产业政策、有阛阓需求的企业突出是微型微型企业的信贷支柱，切实镌汰实体经济融资成本。
We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy. We aim to promote steady and robust economic development, keep prices stable, and guard against financial risks by keeping the total money and credit supply at an appropriate level, and taking a cautious yet flexible approach. We will employ a full range of monetary policy tools, appropriately adjust the supply and demand of money and credit, and maintain proper growth of financing from nongovernment sources. The broad money supply is projected to increase by 14%. We will improve the credit structure, support key state projects that are under construction or expansion and low-income housing projects, and increase credit support to enterprises, especially small and micro businesses, whose operations are in accordance with industrial policies and whose products have market demand.
赓续严格按捺对高耗能、高浑浊和产能充足行业的贷款。完善东谈主民币汇率酿成机制，增强东谈主民币汇率双向浮转变性，保持东谈主民币汇率在合理平衡水平上的基本踏实。放肆发展外汇阛阓，丰富外汇家具。为阛阓主体提供更多的汇率避险用具，管好用好外汇储备。建立健全系统性金融风险防止和监管调和机制，增强挣扎风险才调。加强跨境本钱流动监控。法度各类假贷步履，指引民间融资健康发展。
We will effectively reduce the financing costs of the real economy, and continue to strictly restrict loans to industries that are energy intensive, have high emissions or possess excess production capacity. We will improve the mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate, make the floating exchange rate regime more flexible, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level. We will vigorously develop the foreign exchange market, diversify foreign exchange products, and provide more tools for market participants to hedge foreign exchange risks. We will manage and utilize our foreign exchange reserves well. We will set up a sound mechanism for preventing systemic financial risks and for coordinating financial oversight and supervision to strengthen our ability to withstand risks. We will tighten oversight on cross-border flows of capital, standardize all types of lending activities, and guide the sound development of private financing.
全面作念好本年的办事，必须对峙杰出主题、链接干线、缺一不可、调和激动，谨慎增长、控物价、调结构、惠民生、抓转换、促和谐更好地结合起来。
To ensure success in all our work this year, we must uphold the theme of scientific development, take transforming the pattern of economic development as the main thread, adopt a holistic approach, and coordinate all our work. We must coordinate efforts to achieve steady growth, control prices, adjust the economic structure, improve the people's wellbeing, implement reform, and promote harmony.
稳增长，即是要对峙扩大内需、踏实外需，放肆发展实体经济，努力克服国表里千般不踏实不确定身分的影响，实时科罚苗头性、倾向性问题，保持经济沉稳出手。
To achieve steady growth, we will continue to expand domestic demand and keep foreign demand stable, vigorously develop the real economy, work hard to counter the impact of various factors of instability and uncertainty at home and abroad, promptly resolve emerging issues that signal unfavorable trends, and maintain stable economic performance.
控物价，即是要赓续接纳抽象措施，保持物价总水平基本踏实，贯注价钱走势反弹。
To control prices, we will continue to take comprehensive measures to maintain basic overall price stability and prevent a rebound of inflation.
调结构，即是要有扶有控，提高经济增长质地和效益，增强发展的调和性和可持续性。
To adjust the economic structure, we will support development in some areas while limiting growth in others, improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and make development more coordinated and sustainable.
惠民生，即是要对峙把保障改善民生行为办事的根柢起点和落脚点，把促进社会公正正义放在愈加杰出的位置，切实办成一些让东谈主民群众得实惠的好事实事。
To improve the people's wellbeing, we will continue to take ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing as the fundamental starting point and goal of our work, give higher priority to promoting social fairness and justice, and take a number of initiatives that will bring substantive benefits to the people.
抓转换，即是要以更大的决心和蔼力激动转换灵通，服从科罚影响经济始终健康发展的体制性、结构性矛盾，在一些要点边界和枢纽才略获得新突破。以灵通促转换、促发展、促创新。
To implement reform, we will carry out reform and opening up with greater determination and effort, solve institutional and structural problems that hinder long-term sound economic and social development, and make breakthroughs in key areas and crucial links. We will spur reform, development and innovation through opening up.
促和谐，即是要正确处理转换、发展、踏实三者关系，积极灵验化解千般矛盾和风险隐患，贯注局部性问题演变周到局性问题，促进社会和谐踏实。
To promote harmony, we will properly balance reform, development, and stability; effectively defuse various types of conflicts, risks, and dangers; prevent isolated problems from growing into major ones; and promote social harmony and stability.
三、2012年主要任务
III. Major Tasks for 2012
(一)促进经济沉稳较快发展
1. Promoting steady and robust economic development
扩大内需突出是糟践需求是我国经济始终沉稳较快发展的根柢安身点，是本年办事的要点。
Expanding domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, which is essential to ensuring China's long-term, steady, and robust economic development, is the focus of our economic work this year.
服从扩大糟践需求。加速构建扩大糟践的长效机制。放肆治疗收入分拨样子，增多中低收入者收入，提高住户糟践才调。完善饱读舞住户糟践政策。放肆发展社会化养老、家政、物业、医疗保健等服务业。饱读舞文化、旅游、健身等糟践，落实好带薪放假轨制。积极发展收集购物等新式糟践业态。支柱指引环保建材、节水洁具、节能汽车等绿色糟践。扩大糟践信贷。加强城乡流畅体系媾和路、泊车场等基础设施建设。加强家具性量安全监管。改善糟践环境，顾惜糟践者正当权益。
We will work hard to expand consumer demand. We will move faster to set up a permanent mechanism for boosting consumption. We will vigorously adjust income distribution, increase the incomes of low- and middle-income groups, and enhance people's ability to consume. We will improve policies that encourage consumption. We will vigorously develop elderly care, domestic, property management, medical and healthcare services. We will encourage consumer spending on cultural activities, tourism, and fitness; and implement the system of paid vacations. We will actively develop new forms of consumption such as online shopping; support and guide the consumption of green goods such as environmentally friendly building materials, water-saving sanitation products, and energy-efficient vehicles; and expand consumer credit. We will improve the urban-rural logistics system and infrastructural facilities, such as roads and parking lots, strengthen supervision over product quality and safety, improve the consumption environment, and safeguard consumers' legitimate rights and interests.
不竭优化投资结构。保持投资踏实增长，促进投资和糟践良性互动。厚爱落实国务院对于饱读舞指引民间投资新36条，出台具有可操作性的实施确信。加强政府投资对结构治疗的引颈作用，优先保证要点在建、续建样子，有序激动国度紧要样子开工建设。把好地皮、信贷、节能、环保、安全、质地等准入和审核关，加强对紧要样子突出是政府和国有投资样子的监管、督查，提高投天禀量和效益。
We will continue to improve the investment structure. We will maintain the steady growth of investment and use investment to promote consumption and vice versa. We will fully implement the Guidelines of the State Council on Encouraging and Guiding the Sound Development of Nongovernmental Investment and adopt specific operating rules for their implementation. We will strengthen the role of government investment in guiding adjustment of the economic structure, ensure funding for key projects that are under construction or expansion, and begin construction on major national projects in an orderly manner. We will tighten standards on market access and the screening and approval process relating to land, credit, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety, and quality; and strengthen supervision and inspections of major projects, particularly those undertaken by governments and state-owned firms, to improve the quality of and returns on such investments.
(二)保持物价总水平基本踏实
2. Keeping overall prices basically stable
这是关系群众利益和经济社会发展全局的要点办事。要在灵验实施宏不雅经济政策、管妙品币信贷总量、促进社会总供求基本平衡的基础上，搞好价钱调控，贯注物价反弹。
This is a key task affecting the people's interests and China's overall economic and social development. We will control prices and prevent inflation from rebounding by effectively carrying out macroeconomic policies, managing the supply of money and credit, and striving for basic equilibrium in aggregate supply and demand.
增多出产、保障供给。赓续把按捺食物价钱过快高潮行为踏什物价的要点。落实好“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制，保障主要农家具供给。大中城市要有合理的菜地保有量，踏实和提高腹地应季蔬菜自供水平，同邻近地区和上风产区联结建设“菜篮子”家具基地。加强重要商品产运销衔尾，完善政府储备和贸易储备体系，作念好主要农家具收储和投放，增强阛阓调控才调。
We will increase production and ensure supply. We will continue to make curbing excessive rises in food prices a priority of stabilizing prices. We will effectively carry out the practice of holding provincial governors responsible for the "rice bag" (grain supply) and city mayors for the "vegetable basket" (non-grain food supply) and ensure the supply of major farm products. Large and medium-sized cities should have sufficient farmland for growing vegetables, maintain and raise the proportion of seasonal vegetables sold there that are grown locally, and develop vegetable production bases in collaboration with neighboring areas and areas with suitable conditions. We will strengthen coordination of the production, transportation, and sale of important commodities; improve systems of government reserves and commercial reserves; do a good job purchasing, storing and marketing major agricultural products; and regulate the market better.
搞活流畅、镌汰成本。严格扩充蔬菜等鲜嫩农家具运载绿色通谈政策。厚爱落实对农家具批发阛阓、集贸阛阓、社区平价菜店等的扶持政策，饱读舞城市连锁超市、高校、大型企业、社区与农家具流畅企业、专科合作社、种养大户对接，减少流畅才略，增多零卖网点，充分阐述流畅主渠谈作用。
We will improve distribution and reduce distribution costs. We will ensure that the green channel policy for transporting vegetables and other fresh farm products is fully implemented. We will carry out policies to support wholesale agricultural product markets, market fairs, and community-based, low-priced vegetable stores. We will encourage urban chain supermarkets, universities, large enterprises, and communities to establish direct supply contacts with farm product distributors, specialized farmer cooperatives, and large family farms. We will also reduce distribution links and increase retail outlets so that they can play a leading role in distribution. We will deepen reform of the distribution system. We will expand trials of a tax on the income of logistics enterprises after deductions, and improve tax policies on the use of land occupied by facilities for storing major commodities. We will adjust and improve VAT policies for the wholesale and retail of some agricultural products, and promote standardized and information-based distribution. We will adopt a full range of measures to make distribution more efficient and cost-effective so as to benefit both producers and consumers.
深化流畅体制转换。扩大物流企业营业税差额征税试点范围，完善巨额商品仓储设施用地税收政策。治疗完善部分农家具批发、零卖升值税政策，推动流畅尺度化、信息化建设。要多管皆下，切实把流畅效率提上去、中间成本降下来，确凿让出产者和糟践者都得到平允。加强监管、法度次第。要点加强对食物、药品价钱和医疗、通讯、阐明等服务收费的监督检讨，坚决治理交通运载边界乱收费乱罚金，纠耿直型零卖贸易企业违规收费步履，严厉查处发布诞妄信息、囤积居奇、把持价钱、坏心炒作等坐法步履。把捏好公论导向，正确指引社会预期。
We will tighten oversight and ensure market order. We will give high priority to strengthening oversight and inspection of food and drug prices as well as fees and charges for medical, communications, and educational services; put an end to unauthorized collection of charges and fines in the transportation sector; stop large commercial retailers from illegally collecting fees; and crack down on illegal practices such as releasing false information, hoarding and profiteering, manipulating prices, and speculation. We will lead public opinion and correctly guide public expectations of price movements.
(三)促进农业踏实发展和农民持续增收
3. Promoting steady growth of agriculture and sustained increases in rural incomes
在工业化和城镇化发展程度中，要愈加喜爱农业现代化。必须对峙把科罚好“三农”问题行为各项办事的重中之重，进一步加大强农惠农富农政策力度，巩固和发展农业农村好局势。
We need to pay even greater attention to modernizing agriculture in the course of industrialization and urbanization. We must continue to make solving problems related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all of our work; increase policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas; and consolidate and build upon achievements in the development of agriculture and rural areas.
踏实发展农业出产，多渠谈增多农民收入。赓续开展食粮踏实增产行动，踏实食粮栽培面积，服从提高单产。指引农民治疗结构，扩大紧缺、优质农家具出产，支柱蔬菜、肉蛋奶、水家具等出产。农业补贴要赓续增多总量，提高尺度，扩大范围，完善机制，新增补贴要点向种养大户、农民专科合作社及千般出产服务组织歪斜。
We will steadily develop agricultural production and increase farmers' incomes by various means. We will continue to carry out activities to steadily increase grain production, keep the area of land sown to grain crops stable, and increase per-unit yields. We will guide farmers to adjust their mix of crops or livestock, and produce more farm products that are high in quality or short in supply. We will support the production of vegetables, meat, eggs, milk, and aquatic products. We will continue to increase agricultural subsidies, raise their standard, expand their coverage, improve mechanisms for issuing them, and direct new subsidy increases mainly to large family farms, specialized farmer cooperatives, and producer-oriented service organizations.
赓续提高食粮最低收购价，本年小麦、稻谷最低收购价平均每50公斤分别提高7.4元和16元。健全主产区利益抵偿机制，增多粮油、生猪等重要农家具出产大县奖励补助资金。实施新10年农村扶贫开采纲要，按照新的国度扶贫尺度，全面作念好扶贫开采办事，加大皆集连片特殊穷苦地区扶贫开采力度，让扶贫对象更多地分享转换发展效果。
We will continue to raise the minimum purchase price for grain, and we will raise the average floor prices for wheat and rice by 7.4 yuan and 16 yuan per 50 kilograms, respectively. We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing major growing areas and increase rewards and subsidies to major counties that produce important agricultural products such as grain, oilseed, and hogs. We will implement the 2011-2020 rural poverty alleviation and development program and, in accordance with the new national standards for poverty alleviation, do a good job of all poverty alleviation and development work, and step up our work in contiguous areas with particular difficulties to ensure that people in poverty share more fruits of reform and development.
加速农业科技进步。农业的根柢出息在科技。要放肆推动农业科技创新，加大对良种繁育、疫病防控、农家具性量安全等枢纽手艺研发和应用的支柱力度。加速激动下层农技扩充服务体系转换和建设，健全州里或区域性农业群众服务机构。完善农业手艺补贴轨制，促进先进适用农业手艺到田到户。建好现代农业示范区，激动高产创建和尺度化创建。加速农业机械化要领。
We will speed up progress in agricultural science and technology. The fundamental way to develop agriculture is through science and technology. We will vigorously promote innovations in agro-science and increase support for R&D on and the application of key technologies for cultivating superior varieties and breeds, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products. We will accelerate reform and development of the service system for spreading agricultural technology in villages, and improve public service agricultural agencies in townships, towns, and regions. We will improve the system for subsidizing agricultural technologies and encourage farmers to use advanced and appropriate agricultural technologies. We will develop modern agriculture demonstration sites, encourage farmers to grow high-yield crops, promote the standardization of farming techniques, and accelerate agricultural mechanization.
加强农业农村基础设施建设。本年中央财政用于“三农”的参预拟安排12287亿元，比上年增多1868亿元。要搞好灌区配套改造和微型农田水利建设，放肆发展节水农业，加地面皮开采整理复垦力度，大限制建设旱涝保收高尺度基本农田。加速中小河流治理、微型水库除险加固和山洪地质灾害抽象防治。加强农村水电路气以及文化体育等基础设施建设，激动农村环境治理，加速农村危房改造，赓续改善农村出产生涯条款。
We will strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure. The central government plans to allocate 1.2287 trillion yuan for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, 186.8 billion yuan more than last year. With these funds we will build and upgrade water-saving facilities in irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy projects, and vigorously develop water-efficient agriculture. We will intensify efforts to develop, improve, and reclaim rural land and develop on a large scale basic farmland that meets high drought and flood resistance standards. We will take speedy steps to harness small and medium-sized rivers, reinforce small aging reservoirs, and take comprehensive measures to prevent and mitigate geological disasters caused by mountain torrents. We will continue to improve working and living conditions in rural areas by strengthening infrastructure such as water, power, and methane supply facilities, roads, and cultural and sports venues, and by cleaning up the environment and renovating dilapidated houses more quickly.
深化农村转换。对峙农村基本运筹帷幄轨制不动摇。要厚爱搞好地皮确权登记颁证。地皮承包运筹帷幄权、屋基地使用权、集体收益分拨权是法律赋予农民的财产权益，任何东谈主都弗成骚动。加强地皮承包运筹帷幄权流转不竭和服务，发展按捺限制运筹帷幄。严格保护耕地。制定出台农村集体地皮征收抵偿条例。扶持发展农民专科合作社、产业化龙头企业，开展多种格式的农业社会化服务，发展农业保障，提高农业产业化、组织化程度。深化农村抽象转换。激动国有农场、林场体制转换。
We will deepen rural reform. We will uphold the basic rural operation system. We will work diligently to determine, register, and certify land ownership. Farmers' rights to the land they contract to work on, to the land on which their houses sit, and to proceeds from collective undertakings are property rights conferred by law, and these rights must not to be violated by anyone. We will provide better supervision and services for the transfer of contracted land-use rights, and develop farming operations on an appropriately large scale. We will place farmland under strict protection, and formulate and promulgate regulations concerning compensation for the expropriation of rural collective land. We will support large-scale farming by specialized farmer cooperatives and leading enterprises, encourage various sectors of society to provide services for agriculture, develop agricultural insurance, and increase commercialization and specialization in agriculture. We will deepen comprehensive rural reform. We will also reform systems for managing state-owned farms and forest farms and continue to deepen reform of tenure in collective forests.
(四)加速转变经济发展面容
4. Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development
科罚发展抵抗衡、不调和、不可持续的问题，枢纽在于加速转变经济发展面容，激动经济结构计谋性治疗，这既是一个始终流程，亦然现时最紧迫的任务。
The key to solving the problems of imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development is to accelerate the transformation of the pattern of economic development and carry out strategic adjustment of the economic restructure. This is both a long-term task and our most pressing task at present.
促进产业结构优化升级。推动计谋性新兴产业健康发展。建立促进新能源利用的机制，加强统筹霸术、样子配套、政策指引，扩大国内需求，制止太阳能、风电等产业盲目扩张。发展新一代信息手艺，加强收集基础设施建设，推动三网会通获得现实性进展。放肆发展高端装备制造、节能环保、生物医药、新能源汽车、新材料等产业。扩大技改专项资金限制，促进传统产业改造升级。
We will improve and upgrade the industrial structure. We will promote the sound development of strategic emerging industries. We will accelerate the establishment of mechanisms that promote the use of new energy sources; strengthen overall planning, auxiliary projects and policy guidance; and expand domestic demand. We will prevent blind expansion in our capacity to manufacture solar energy and wind power equipment. We will develop next-generation information technology, strengthen network infrastructure, and make substantive progress in integrating the telecommunications network, the radio and television broadcasting network, and the Internet. We will energetically develop the high-end equipment manufacturing, energy conservation, environmental protection, biopharmaceuticals, new-energy vehicles, and new materials industries. We will increase funding for technological upgrading projects, and press ahead with the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.
以汽车、钢铁、造船、水泥等行业为要点，按捺增量，优化存量，推动企业兼并重组，提高产业皆集度和限制效益。落实并完善促进微型微型企业发展的政策，进一步松开企业背负，激励科技型微型微型企业发展活力。实施成心于服务业发展的财税、金融政策，支柱社会本钱进入服务业，促进服务业发展提速、比重提高、水平擢升。
We will control increases in production capacity, improve existing production facilities, encourage enterprise mergers and reorganizations, and increase industrial concentration and economies of scale, with the focus on the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, and cement industries. We will implement and improve policies to promote the growth of small and micro businesses, further reduce burdens on enterprises, and promote the vibrant growth of small and micro high-tech enterprises. We will implement fiscal, taxation, and financial policies that facilitate the development of the service sector and encourage nongovernmental investment in this sector, in order to promote faster development of the sector, increase its share in the economy, and facilitate its upgrading.
激动节能减排和生态环境保护。节能减排的枢纽是从简能源，提高能效，减少浑浊。要捏紧制定出台合理按捺能源糟践总量办事决议，加速理顺能源价钱体系。抽象诳骗经济、法律和必要的行政妙技，杰出抓好工业、交通、建筑、群众机构、住户生涯等要点边界和千家要点耗能企业节能减排，进一步淘汰过期产能。加强用能不竭，发展智能电网和分散式能源，实施节能发电调度、合同能源不竭、政府节能采购等行之灵验的不竭面容。
We will conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the ecological environment. The key to conserving energy and reducing emissions is to save energy, improve energy efficiency, and reduce pollution. We will promptly formulate and promulgate a work plan for appropriately controlling total energy consumption, and move quickly to base the energy pricing system on the market. We will use economic, legal, and the necessary administrative means to conserve energy and reduce emissions in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, construction, public institutions, and people's homes, and in 1,000 key energy-intensive enterprises; and close down more outdated production facilities. We will tighten supervision of energy use, develop smart power grids and ensure the proper distribution of energy supplies, and implement effective administrative practices such as efficient electricity generation and distribution, energy performance contracting, and government procurement of energy-efficient goods and services.
优化能源结构，推动传统能源清洁高效利用，安全高效发展核电，积极发展水电，加速页岩气勘查、开采攻关，提高新能源和可再生能源比重。加强能源通谈建设。深入贯彻从简资源和保护环境基本国策。开展节能认证和能效标记监督检讨，饱读舞节能、节水、节地、节材和资源抽象利用，放肆发展轮回经济。加强环境保护，服从科罚重金属、饮用水源、大气、泥土、海洋浑浊等关系民生的杰出环境问题。努力减少农业面源浑浊。严格监管危境化学品。
We will optimize the energy structure, promote clean and efficient use of traditional energy, safely and effectively develop nuclear power, actively develop hydroelectric power, tackle key problems more quickly in the exploration and development of shale gas, and increase the share of new energy and renewable energy in total energy consumption. We will step up the construction of energy transportation routes. We will thoroughly implement the basic state policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment. We will carry out certification of energy-efficient products and oversight and inspection of energy efficiency labeling; encourage economical use of energy, water, land, and materials as well as comprehensive use of resources; and vigorously develop a circular economy. We will strengthen environmental protection; strive to solve major environmental problems that directly affect people's lives, such as heavy metals, drinking water sources, air, soil, and marine pollution; reduce pollution from non-point agricultural sources; and put hazardous chemicals under strict oversight and supervision.
本年在京津冀、长三角、珠三角等要点区域以及直辖市和省会城市开展细颗粒物(PM2.5)等样子监测，2015年遮掩统统地级以上城市。激动生态建设，促进生态保护和缔造，巩固自然林保护、退耕还林还草、退牧还草效果，加强草原生态建设，放肆开展植树造林，激动萧瑟化、石漠化、坡耕地治理，严格保护江河源、湿地、湖泊等重要生态功能区。加强顺应气象变化突出是搪塞极点气象事件才调建设，提高防灾减灾才调。对峙共同但有区别的责任原则和公正原则，建设性推动搪塞气象变化国际谈判程度。咱们要用行动昭告世界，中国毫不靠就义生态环境和东谈主民健康来换取经济增长，咱们一定能走出一条出产发展、生涯裕如、生态讲求的时髦发展谈路。
We will start monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River delta, the Pearl River delta and other key areas as well as in municipalities directly under the central government and provincial capital cities, and extend the practice to all cities at and above the prefectural level by 2015. We will improve the ecology, establish a sound system of compensation for ecological damage, strengthen ecological protection and restoration, and consolidate achievements in protecting virgin forests, turning vulnerable farmland into forests and grasslands, and stopping grazing to let grasslands recover. We will strengthen grassland ecological conservation; vigorously carry out afforestation; make progress in dealing with desertification and stony deserts and in improving terraced farmland; and strictly protect river sources, wetlands, lakes, and other priority functional ecological zones. We will strengthen capacity building to adapt to climate change, and especially to respond to extreme climate events, and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters. We will uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of fairness, and play a constructive role in promoting international talks on climate change. We will show the world with our actions that China will never seek economic growth at the expense of its ecological environment and public health. We are definitely capable of taking a path of civilized development which ensures that production increases, people's living standards rise, and we live in a good ecological environment.
促进区域经济调和发展。实施区域发展总体计谋和主体功能区霸术，充分阐述各地脾气和上风，进一步提高区域发展的调和性和基本群众服务均等化水平。厚爱落实西部打开采新10年的政策措施，加大实施中部地区崛起计谋的力度，加速激动东北地区等老工业基地振兴，积极支柱东部地区转型发展、在更高级次上参与国际竞争与合作。要加大对立异老区、民族地区、边域地区和清寒地区的扶持力度。
We will enhance balanced economic development among regions. We will implement the master strategy for regional development and the plan for developing functional zones, give full play to the distinctive strengths of each region, better coordinate development among regions, and make delivery of basic public services more equitable. We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures for the large-scale development of the western region in the new decade, work even harder to implement the strategy for the rise of the central region, more quickly revitalize the old industrial bases in northeast China, and actively support the eastern region in transforming its economy and participating in international competition and cooperation at a higher level. We will increase support to old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poverty-stricken areas.
更好地阐述经济特区、上海浦东新区、天津滨海新区在转换灵通中先行先试的重要作用。制定和实施海洋发展计谋，促进海洋经济发展。加强和完善跨区域合作机制，破除阛阓壁垒，促进要素流动，指引产业有序转变，推动区域经济良性互动、调和发展。
We will encourage special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai, and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin to better play their role of leading the way and exploring new paths in reform and opening up. We will formulate and implement a strategy for marine development, and promote the development of the marine economy. We will strengthen and improve inter-regional cooperation mechanisms, remove market barriers, facilitate the flow of factors of production, guide the orderly transfer of industries, and promote mutually reinforcing and coordinated economic development among regions.
积极恰当激动城镇化。要撤职城市发展规矩，从各地现实启程，促进大中小城市和小城镇调和发展。证据资源环境和东谈主口承载才调，优化宇宙出产力布局，酿成合理的城镇体系和与国土限制、资源分散、发展潜力相顺应的东谈主口布局。各类城市都要夯实经济基础，创造作事契机，完善基础设施，改善东谈主居环境，加强不竭服务，擢升城镇化质地和水平。
We will actively yet prudently promote urbanization. We will promote the coordinated development of large, medium-sized, and small cities as well as small towns in light of local conditions and in accordance with the laws governing urban development. On the basis of the carrying capacity of China's resources, environment and population, we will improve the distribution of the productive forces across the country, develop cities and towns rationally, and ensure that the geographical distribution of the population is suited to land availability, resources distribution, and development potential. We will strengthen the economic foundation and create job opportunities in all cities, improve their infrastructure and living environment, strengthen urban management and services, and raise the quality and level of urbanization.
愈加注重把在城镇踏实作事和居住的农民工有序转变为城镇住户；放宽中小城市落户条款，合理指引东谈主口流向，让更多农村敷裕劳能源就近转变作事。加强对农民工的东谈主文关怀和服务，服从科罚农民工在作事服务、社会保障、子女入园上学、住房租购等方面的现实问题，沉着将城镇基本群众服务遮掩到农民工。关爱留守儿童、留守妇女和留守老东谈主。让农民岂论进城如故留乡，都能河清海晏、幸福生涯。
We will give higher priority to registering rural migrant workers with stable jobs and permanent homes in cities or towns as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner. We will relax eligibility for registering as urban households in small and medium-sized cities, guide the rational flow of the population, and enable more surplus rural workers to find nonagricultural employment in nearby towns and cities. We should care more deeply for rural migrant workers and provide more services to them; resolve difficulties they have in securing employment services, obtaining social security benefits, getting their children enrolled in preschools and schools, and renting or purchasing homes; and gradually extend to them basic public services that are available to urban residents. We will take care of children, women and old people who are left behind by rural migrant workers who work in cities. We will enable rural residents to enjoy a happy life whether they go to the city or stay in the countryside.
(五)深入实施科教兴国计谋和东谈主才强国计谋
5. Thoroughly implementing the strategies of developing China through science and education and strengthening the country through human resource development
放肆发展科技、阐明功绩，培养高素养的东谈主才部队，是国度刚劲、民族回复的必由之路。
To make China prosperous and strong and achieve the revival of the Chinese nation, we need to vigorously develop science, technology, and education and create a high-quality talent pool.
对峙优先发展阐明。中央财政已按宇宙财政性阐明经费开销占国内出产总值的4%编制预算，处所财政也要相应安排，确保已毕这一概念。阐明经费要杰出保障要点，加强薄弱才略，提高使用效益。深入激动阐明体制转换，全面实施素养阐明，沉着科罚磨砺招生、阐明教学等方面的杰出问题。激动学校民主不竭，沉着酿成轨制。
We will continue to give high priority to developing education. The central government has already prepared its budget to meet the requirement that government spending on education accounts for 4% of China's GDP, and local governments should act accordingly to ensure that this target is reached. Funds for education must be used to meet the funding requirements in key areas and strengthen weak links so that they yield better results. We will deepen reform of the educational system, extensively implement well-rounded education, and gradually resolve major problems in examination and enrollment, and in education and teaching. We will carry forward and gradually institutionalizedemocratic school management.
促进义务阐明平衡发展，资源成就要向中西部、农村、辽远、民族地区和城市薄弱学校歪斜。赓续花大气力推动科罚择校、入园等东谈主民群众关爱的热门难点问题。农村中小学布局要因地制宜，处理好提高阐明质地和便捷孩子们就近上学的关系。办好农村投宿学校，实施好农村义务阐明学生育分改善筹备。加强校车安全不竭，确保孩子们的东谈主身安全。加强学前阐明、赓续阐明和特殊阐明，建设现代职业阐明体系，办好民族阐明。
We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education and give preference to schools in the central and western regions, rural areas, remote areas, and ethnic minority areas, and to weak urban schools when allocating resources. We will continue to make great efforts to ease contentious issues of great concern to the people, including paying to enroll one's children in better schools and the shortage of preschools. We will arrange the location of rural primary and secondary schools in light of local conditions, and ensure there is a proper balance between improving the quality of education and placing schools closer to children. We will run rural boarding schools well, and implement the plan for improving nutrition for rural students receiving compulsory education. We will enhance school bus and campus safety to ensure children's safety. We will strengthen preschool, continuing and special education, develop a modern vocational education system, and do a good job educating ethnic minority students.
高等阐明要与经济社会发展和国度计谋需要细巧结合，提高阐明质地和创新才调。完善国度助学轨制，沉着将中等职业阐明免膏火政策遮掩到统统农村塾生，扩大普通高中家庭经济穷苦学生资助范围。放肆发展民办阐明，饱读舞和指引社会本钱进入各级各类阐明边界。阐明交付着东谈主民的但愿，关系国度的畴昔，咱们一定要把这项功绩办得更好！
Higher education should better meet the needs of economic and social development and China's strategic requirements, and improve its quality and capacity for making innovations. We will improve the state financial aid system for students by gradually making all rural students exempt from paying tuition for secondary vocational education, and by granting financial aid to more students from poor families who attend regular senior secondary schools. We will vigorously develop privately run schools and encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in all types of schools at all levels. The people place their hopes on education, and education is crucial for China's future, so we must achieve even better results in this work.
放肆激动科技创新。加强国度创新体系建设。深化科技体制转换，推动企业成为手艺创新主体，促进科技与经济细巧结合。支柱企业加强研发中心建设，承担国度和地区紧要科技样子。指引科研机构、高等院校的科研力量为企业研发中心折务，更好地已毕产学研有机结合，提高技术效果转化和产业化水平。推动基础磋议和前沿手艺磋议，提高原始创新才调。完善科技评价和奖励轨制。倡导学术诚信，饱读舞独处想考，保障学术解放，阐发科学精神。坚韧不移地实施国度常识产权计谋。
We will vigorously boost innovation in science and technology. We will strengthen the national innovation system. We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology, spur enterprises to become the main source of technological innovation, and more closely integrate science and technology with the economy. We will support enterprises in developing R&D centers and undertaking major national and regional science and technology projects. We will guide research institutes and researchers in universities in providing services to enterprises' technological innovation centers so that enterprises, universities, and research institutes can work more closely together to increase the industrial application of scientific and technological advances. We will boost basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies, and improve our capacity to make original innovations. We will improve the evaluation and incentive system for scientific and technological advances. We will advocate academic integrity, encourage independent thinking, ensure academic freedom, and foster a scientific spirit. We will unwaveringly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights.
全面加强东谈主才办事。深化东谈主才体制转换，放肆培养造就高水平创新创业东谈主才、后生东谈主才和急需紧缺东谈主才，引进高级次东谈主才。完善东谈主才培养、任用、评价、激励机制。努力营造东谈主才辈出、东谈主尽其才、才尽其用的讲求社会环境。
We will comprehensively strengthen human resource work. We will deepen reform of the personnel management system; energetically train high-level innovative and entrepreneurial personnel, talented young people, and personnel who are urgently needed and in short supply; and attract talented personnel from overseas. We will improve the mechanism for training, employing, evaluating, and giving incentives to talented personnel, and create a favorable social environment for them to come to the fore in large numbers and tap their full potential.
(六)切实保障和改善民生
6. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing
已毕好、顾惜好、发展好最宏大东谈主民的根柢利益所以东谈主为本理念的具体体现。要把保障和改善民生行为政府办事的重要任务。
Putting people first is about realizing, upholding, and promoting their fundamental interests. We will make ensuring and improving their wellbeing an important task in the work of the government.
千方百计扩大作事。作事是关系国度发展和东谈主民福祉的大事。本年作事压力仍然很大，各级政府务必对峙作事优先计谋，赓续实施愈加积极的作事政策。要点扶持作事容量大的现代服务业、创新式科技企业和微型微型企业，创造更多作事岗亭。饱读舞以创业带动作事。抓好高校毕业生、农民工和城镇作事穷苦东谈主员作事，加强退役军东谈主技能培训与作事安置办事。
We will make every effort to increase employment. Employment is of great importance to China's development and the people's wellbeing. We will continue to face great employment pressure this year, and governments at all levels must continue to follow the strategy of giving top priority to employment and more actively implement employment policies. We will give high priority to supporting service industries, innovative high-tech enterprises, and small and micro businesses that employ large numbers of people so as to create more jobs. We will encourage the creation of new businesses to stimulate employment. We will help college graduates, rural migrant workers and urban residents having difficulty finding jobs find employment, and strengthen technical training for ex-soldiers and help them find jobs and settle down.
饱读舞高校毕业生投身农村、下层、中西部地区建设。加强职业培训和群众作事服务办事。加速建立健全归并法度活泼的东谈主力资源阛阓。积极构建和谐作事关系，加强对劳务打法的法度不竭，开展作事关系争议排查，加强作事监察和归并仲裁，顾惜作事者正当权益。
We will encourage college graduates to pursue careers in rural areas, local communities and the central and western regions. We will strengthen vocational training and public employment services. We will accelerate development of a sound, unified, standardized, and flexible human resources market. We will promote harmonious labor relations, increase supervision of labor dispatch, settle labor relations disputes, and intensify supervision, mediation, and arbitration of labor disputes to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees.
加速完善社会保障体系。本年年底前已毕新式农村社会养老保障和城镇住户社会养老保障轨制全遮掩。扩大各项社会保障遮掩面。增多企业退休东谈主员基本待业金。加强城乡低保和社会转圜办事，加速发展社会福利功绩和慈好功绩。加强各项社会保障轨制衔尾。多渠谈增多社会保障基金，加强社会保障基金、社会保障基金投资监管，已毕保值升值。加强社保服务才调建设，有条款的处所可对各类社保承办机构进行整合归并，有些服务可委托银行、贸易保障机构代办。加速宇宙归并的社会保障卡披发。
成人网游We will accelerate improvements to the social security system. By the end of the year, we will have achieved full coverage of the new old-age pension system for rural residents and the old-age pension system for non-working urban residents. We will expand coverage of all types of social insurance. We will raise the basic pension for enterprise retirees. We will increase urban and rural subsistence allowances and social aid, and accelerate development of social welfare programs and charities. We will better coordinate all aspects of the social safety net. We will increase the social security fund through a variety of channels, and strengthen oversight and supervision of investment from the social insurance fund and social security fund to increase their value. We will strengthen capacity building for social security services, allow localities where conditions permit to integrate and merge social security agencies, and entrust some services to banks or commercial insurance institutions. We will accelerate the work of introducing all-in-one national social security cards.
放肆激动医药卫惹功绩转换发展。加速健全全民医保体系，巩固扩大基本医保遮掩面，提高基本医疗保障水温文不竭服务水平。城镇住户医保和新农合补助尺度提高到每东谈主每年240元。全面推开尿毒症等8类大病保障，将肺癌等12类大病纳入保障和转圜试点范围。巩固完善基本药物轨制，加强下层医疗卫生服务体系建设。
We will vigorously promote the development and reform of medical and healthcare services. We will move faster to improve the medical insurance system covering the whole population, consolidate and expand the coverage of basic medical insurance, and enhance our capability to provide and manage basic medical services. We will raise subsidies for medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 240 yuan per person per year. We will fully introduce social insurance against uraemia and seven other major diseases and include lung cancer and 11 other major diseases in the pilot program to provide insurance and aid for their treatment. We will consolidate and improve the system for basic drugs and improve the community-level medical and health care system.
激动公立病院转换，实行医药分开、管办分开，取销以药补医机制。饱读舞指引社会本钱办医，加速酿成对外灵通的多元办医样子。充分改变医务办事者积极性，建立和谐的医患关系。加强群众卫生服务，胡闹按捺严重威逼群众健康的紧要传染病、慢性病、职业病。加强药品安全办事。扶持和促进中医药和民族医药功绩发展。
We will push forward reform of public hospitals, so that medical care is separated from pharmacy operations, government management is separated from hospital operations, and the practice of using pharmacy profits to subsidize medical services is ended. We will encourage and guide nongovernmental investment in hospitals, and speed up the creation of a system of hospitals with diversified ownership that is open to foreign participation. We will boost the morale of medical workers and build harmonious relations between doctors and patients. We will improve public health services and prevent and control major communicable, chronic and occupational diseases that pose a major health hazard. We will tighten control over drug safety. We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the medical practices of ethnic minorities.
全面作念好东谈主口和筹备生育办事。赓续踏实低生育水平，抽象治理出身东谈主口性别比偏高问题，提高出身东谈主口质地。加速已毕筹备生育优质服务全遮掩，将免费孕前优生健康检讨试点范围扩大到60%的县(市、区)。提高农村部分筹备生育家庭奖励援助、特殊援助尺度。加强流动东谈主口筹备生育服务不竭。
We will comprehensively carry out work relating to population and family planning. We will continue to keep the birthrate low, redress gender imbalance through various means, and improve the health of infants. We will achieve full coverage of quality family planning services more quickly than planned and extend the trial program of free pre-pregnancy checkups to 60% of China's counties and county-level cities and districts. We will increase the rewards and special assistance to the rural families that observe the state's family planning policy. We will increase family planning services to the floating population and improve management of such services.
作念好妇男儿童办事，扩大农村妇女宫颈癌、乳腺癌免费检讨遮掩面，提高妇男儿童发展和权益保障水平。进一步完善残疾东谈主社会保障体系和服务体系。积极发展老龄功绩，加速建设社会养老服务体系，努力让城乡老年东谈主都老有所终，幸福安度晚年。
We will do our work related to women and children well. We will extend free cervical cancer and breast cancer screening to more rural women, improve the wellbeing of women and children and better guarantee their rights and interests. We will further improve the social security system and the system of services for people with disabilities. We will actively develop programs for the elderly and accelerate development of a system of social services for urban and rural seniors so they can live their later years in contentment.
赓续搞好房地产阛阓调控和保障性安堵工程建设。严格扩充并沉着完善扼制投契、投资性需求的政策措施，进一步巩固调控效果，促进房价合理记忆。赓续激动保障性安堵工程建设，在确保质地的前提下，基本建成500万套，新开工700万套以上。捏紧完善保障性住房建设、分拨、不竭、退出等轨制。接纳灵验措施，增多普互市品住房供给。加速建设城镇住房信息系统，转换房地产税收轨制，促进房地产阛阓始终沉稳健康发展。
We will continue to regulate the real estate market and develop low-income housing. We will strictly implement and gradually improve policies and measures for discouraging speculative or investment-driven housing demand, build on progress made in regulating the real estate market, and bring property prices down to a reasonable level. We will continue to develop low-income housing, and basically complete five million units and start construction on over seven million units, ensuring they are built to a high standard. We will work speedily to improve the system for constructing, allocating, managing, and recalling low-income housing units. We will take effective measures to increase supply of regular commodity housing. We will accelerate development of an urban housing information system and reform the real estate tax system to promote long-term, steady, and sound growth of the real estate market.
加强和创新社会不竭。加强社会矛盾化解、社会不竭创新、水米无交功令。强化政府社会不竭和群众服务职能。提高城乡下层群众性自治组织的自治才调。积极恰当激动户籍不竭轨制转换，推动实行居住证轨制，为流动东谈主口提供更好服务。以信息分享、互联互通为要点，加速建设国度电子政务网。放肆激动政务诚信、商务诚信、社会诚信建设，构建遮掩全社会的诚信系统。
We will strengthen and make innovations in social administration. We will work hard to resolve social conflicts, make innovations in social administration, and enforce the law impartially and with integrity. We will strengthen government functions for conducting social administration and providing public services. We will strengthen the self-governing capabilities of rural and urban community self-governing organizations. We will get social organizations to play an active role in social administration. We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the household registration system, implement the residence permit system, and provide better services to the floating population. We will accelerate the development of a national e-government network, with the focus on sharing information and achieving national interconnectivity. We will vigorously give impetus to government, business, and public integrity, and create a credit information system for the whole society.
加强和改进互联网不竭，营造健康的收集环境。健全紧要决策社会踏实风险评估机制和突发事件济急不竭机制。实施安全发展计谋，加强安全出产监管，贯注重特大事故发生。深入开展打击骚动常识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品行动。增强食物安全监管才调，提高食物安全水平。加强和改进信访办事。加强法律服务和法律援助。严实防止和照章打击坐法坐法行径，保障东谈主民群众人命财产安全。
We will strengthen and improve management of the Internet and foster a healthy cyberspace environment. We will improve the mechanism for assessing risks major policy decisions may pose for social stability and the mechanism for managing responses to emergencies. We will implement the strategy of ensuring safety in development, tighten oversight over workplace safety, and prevent the occurrence of serious and major accidents. We will carry out an intense crackdown on violations of intellectual property rights and the manufacture and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods. We will enhance our food safety oversight capability and raise the level of food safety. We will strengthen and improve the handling of public complaints made through letters and visits and improve the mechanism whereby the masses express appeals concerning matters affecting their interests. We will strengthen legal services and assistance. We will be on high alert for and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.
(七)促进文化大发展大荣华
7. Promoting the great development and flourishing of culture
文化是东谈主类的精神家园，优秀文化传承是一个民族生生不断的血脉。要提供优质丰富的文化家具，不竭孤高东谈主民群众的精神文化需求。深入激动社会主义中枢价值体系建设。加强社会公德、职业谈德、家庭良习和个东谈主品德阐明，作念好青少年想想谈德阐明办事，努力酿成知荣辱、讲浩气、守诚信、作奉献、促和谐的讲求风俗。放肆发展公益性文化功绩。以农村和中西部地区为要点，加强下层文化设施建设。
Culture gives human beings a sense of belonging, and passing on fine culture is essential in maintaining the everlasting vitality of a nation. We will provide a large quantity of high-quality cultural products to meet people's demand for culture. We will intensively promote development of the system of core socialist values. We will strengthen education with regard to social codes of conduct, professional ethics, family virtues, and individual integrity. We will educate children and young people about values and strive to create a social atmosphere that promotes morality, integrity, dedication, and harmony. We will vigorously promote nonprofit cultural services and strengthen cultural infrastructure in communities, particularly in rural areas and the central and western regions.
推动玄学社会科学荣华发展，积极发展新闻出书、播送影视、文体艺术和档案功绩。加强文化遗产保护，荣华发展少数民族文化功绩。深化文化体制转换，赓续推动运筹帷幄性文化单元转企改制。提高文化产业限制化、集约化、专科化水平，推动文化产业成为国民经济支撑性产业。深入开展对外东谈主文调换，促进中外文化互相鉴戒。鄙俚开展全民健身行径，增强东谈主民体质，促进体育功绩和体育产业调和发展。中中文化具有康健的向心力和震撼力，现代中华儿女一定要肩负起阐发中中文化的历史重负。
We will promote the flourishing of philosophy and the social sciences, and actively develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature, art, and archives. We will better protect our cultural heritage and foster the flourishing of ethnic minority cultures. We will deepen reform of the cultural system and continue to transform for-profit cultural institutions into enterprises. We will make the cultural industry larger, more intensive, and more specialized; and turn it into a pillar of the economy. We will intensify cultural and people-to-people exchanges with other countries so that we learn from each other's strengths. We will extensively carry out public fitness activities to make the people healthier, and promote the balanced development of sports activities and the sports industry. Chinese culture is highly cohesive and inspiring, and we Chinese today must shoulder the historic duty of advancing it.
(八)深入激动要点边界转换
8. Deepening reforms in key areas
转换灵通是决定中国出息庆幸的正确抉择。必须按照科学发展不雅要求，尊重群众独创精神，果敢探索，以更大决心和勇气赓续全面激动经济体制、政治体制等各项转换，破解发展难题。
Reform and opening up are the right choice we made for China's destiny and future. We must respect the people's creativity; boldly explore new ways; continue to promote all reforms, including the reform of China's economic and political systems, with greater resolve and courage; and solve complex issues in development in line with the requirements of the Scientific Outlook on Development.
现时和今后一段时辰，转换的要点边界和枢纽才略是：
Now and for some time to come, reform will be focused on the following key areas and crucial links.
进一步转变政府职能，完善宏不雅调控体系，理顺政府与阛阓的关系，更好地阐述阛阓成就资源的基础性作用；激动财税体制转换，理顺中央与处所及处所各级政府间财政分拨关系，更好地改变中央和处所两个积极性；深化地皮、户籍、群众服务转换，理顺城市与农村的关系，推动工业化、城镇化和农业现代化调和发展；激动社会功绩、收入分拨等转换，理顺经济与社会发展的关系，灵验保障社会公正正义；激动照章行政和社会不竭创新，理顺政府与公民和社会组织的关系，建设服务、责任、法治、朴直政府。
We will further transform government functions, improve macro-controls, balance the relationship between government and the market, and make better use of the basic role of the market in allocating resources. We will advance reform of the fiscal and taxation systems, better balance the distribution of fiscal resources between the central and local governments and between all levels of local governments, and better arouse the initiative of both the central and local governments. We will deepen reforms of land, household registration and public services; balance the relationship between urban and rural areas; and promote coordinated development of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization. We will carry forward reforms in social programs and income distribution, strike a balance between economic and social development, and effectively safeguard social fairness and justice. We will run the government in accordance with the law and promote innovation in social administration, properly handle the relationship among the government, citizens and social organizations, and build a service-oriented, responsible, law-based and clean government.
本年转换的要点任务是：深化财税金融体制转换。完善分税制，健全转变支付轨制，提高一般性转变支付限制和比例。完善县级基本财力保障机制。稳步激动处所财政预算、决算公开。深化国库皆集收付、政府采购及国债不竭轨制转换。健全糟践税轨制。全面深化资源税转换，扩大从价计征范围。深入激动国有控股大型金融机构转换，法度发展微型金融机构，健全服务微型微型企业和“三农”的体制机制。
The major tasks for reform this year are as follows: We will deepen reform of the fiscal, taxation and financial systems. We will improve the revenue-sharing system and the system of transfer payments, and increase the scale and proportion of general transfer payments. We will improve the mechanism for ensuring basic funding for county-level governments, and make the budgets and final accounts of local governments more transparent. We will deepen reform of the systems for treasury's centralized revenue collection and expenditure payments, government procurement, and central government debt management. We will improve the excise tax system, comprehensively deepen the reform of resource taxes, and set taxes on more commodities on the basis of their prices. We will thoroughly carry out reform of large financial institutions in which the state holds the controlling stake, ensure orderly development of small financial institutions, and improve the systems and mechanisms that serve small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas and farmers. We will implement new oversight and supervision standards for the banking industry, work toward establishing a deposit insurance system, and deepen the reform of policy-based financial institutions. We will improve both initial public offerings and delistings, and ensure better protection of returns on investors' money and their rights and interests. We will actively develop the bond market, accelerate reform and development of the insurance industry, and make interest rates more market based. We will work steadily to make the RMB convertible under capital accounts and expand the use of RMB in cross-border trade and investment.
推动多种统统制经济共同发展。天长地久地巩固和发展公有制经济，天长地久地饱读舞、支柱、指引非公有制经济发展。深入激动国有经济计谋性治疗，完善国有本钱有进有退、合理流动机制。磋议激动铁路、电力等行业转换。完善和落实促进非公有制经济发展的各项政策措施，突破把持，放宽准入，饱读舞民间本钱进入铁路、市政、金融、能源、电信、阐明、医疗等边界，营造各类统统制经济公正竞争、共同发展的环境。
We will promote the common development of economic entities under diverse forms of ownership. We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector and encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector. We will thoroughly carry out strategic adjustment of the state sector, and improve the mechanism for increasing investment of state capital in some sectors while reducing it in others to ensure its sound flow. We will promote reform of the railway and power industries. We will improve and implement policies and measures for developing the non-public sector; break up monopolies and relax restrictions on market access; encourage nongovernmental investment in railways, public utilities, finance, energy, telecommunications, education, and medical care; and create a fair environment in which economic entities under all forms of ownership can compete and develop together.
深化价钱转换。恰当激动电价转换，实施住户路线电价转换决议，完善水电、核电及可再生能源订价机制。沉着理顺煤电价钱关系。完善制品油价钱转换，激动自然气价钱转换。实行最严格的水资源不竭轨制，合理制定和治疗各地水资源费征收尺度，激动农业水价抽象转换。开展碳排放和排污权交易试点。加速建立完善生态抵偿机制。
We will deepen price reforms. We will prudently carry out reform of electricity prices by implementing progressive pricing for household electricity consumption and improving pricing mechanisms for nuclear power, hydropower, and power generated from other renewable energy sources. We will make the price of electricity better reflect the price of coal. We will reform the prices of refined oil products and proceed with the price reform of natural gas. We will impose the strictest control over water resources, rationally set and adjust water resource fees in different localities, and carry out integrated price reform of water used for agricultural purposes. We will start trials of trading carbon emissions and the cap-and-trade scheme for pollution rights.
深化收入分拨轨制转换。捏紧制定收入分拨体制转换总体决议。努力提高住户收入在国民收入分拨中的比重，提高作事酬谢在首次分拨中的比重。完善工资轨制，建立工资往常增长机制，稳步提高最低工资尺度。创造条款增多住户财产性收入。建立群众资源出让收益的全民分享机制。加大对高收入者的税收转变力度，严格法度国有企业、金融机构高管东谈主员薪酬不竭，扩大中等收入者比重，提上下收入者的收入，促进契机公正。法度收入分拨次第，灵验保护正当收入，坚决取缔造孽收入，尽快扭转收入差距扩大的趋势。
We will deepen reform of the income distribution system. We will promptly formulate a master plan for reforming the income distribution system, strive to raise the proportion of individual income in national income, and raise the proportion of remuneration in the primary distribution. We will improve the salary system, put in place a mechanism for regular salary increases, and steadily raise the minimum wage. We will create conditions to increase people's income from property. We will establish a mechanism whereby the public share the proceeds from the sale of public resources. We will take further steps to adjust taxes for high-income groups, strictly standardize supervision of pay and bonuses for senior management in state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, expand the proportion of middle-income groups, raise the incomes of low-income groups, and promote equal opportunity. We will ensure that income distribution is governed by proper standards, effectively protect lawful income, and resolutely ban illegal income. We will quickly reverse the trend of a widening income gap.
积极恰当激动功绩单元分类转换。科学差别功绩单元类别，分类指导、分业激动、分级组织、分步实施，深化功绩单元不竭体制和东谈主事、收入分拨、社会保障轨制转换。
We will actively yet prudently carry out reform of public institutions based on their classification. We will classify public institutions scientifically, provide targeted guidance to each class, and phase in reforms sector by sector, level by level, and step by step to deepen reform of the systems of management, personnel, income distribution, and social security for public institutions.
加速激动政府转换。扩大社会主义民主，照章实行民主选举、民主决策、民主不竭、民主监督，保障东谈主民的知情权、参与权、抒发权和监督权。全面贯彻照章治国基本方略，尊重和顾惜宪法和法律的泰斗，严格照章行政，坚决纠正有法不依、功令不严、坐法不究、悍戾功令、失责失职和功令胡闹等步履。
We will accelerate government reform. We will expand socialist democracy; conductdemocratic election, decision making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law; and protect people's rights to stay informed about, participate in, express views on, and oversee government affairs. We will implement the basic strategy of enforcing the law in both letter and spirit, respect and uphold the sanctity of the Constitution and laws, and govern in strict accordance with the law. We will resolutely rectify the problems of laws not being abided by or fully enforced, lawbreakers not being prosecuted, uncivilized law enforcement, dereliction and neglect of duty, and corrupt practices in law enforcement.
加强廉政建设，深入开展反胡闹斗争，塌实激动惩治和胡闹胡闹体系建设的各项始终性、基础性办事，服从科罚东谈主民群众响应激烈的杰出问题。严格照章设定、实施、清算、法度行政审批事项。严禁指导干部插足政府采购、工程招标、地皮矿业权拍卖等经济行径。严格扩充指导干部朴直从政各项规矩。加强行政监督、民主监督、公论监督。坚决查处各类非法坐法案件，严厉惩治胡闹分子。
We will work harder to build clean government. To do so, we will fight corruption, effectively carry out the long-term and basic work needed to improve the system of preventing and punishing corruption, and give high priority to solving serious problems that the people are resentful about. We will identify, handle, review and standardize matters subject to administrative approval in strict accordance with the law. Leading officials are strictly forbidden to interfere in economic activities such as government procurement, project tendering and the auctioning of land-use and mining rights. We will strictly implement all regulations which require leading officials to uphold integrity in the performance of their official duties. We will strengthen administrative and democratic oversight and oversight through public opinion, resolutely investigate and prosecute violations of the law or discipline, and severely punish corruptionists.
(九)努力提高对外灵通的质地和水平
9. Striving to improve the opening up policy
我国对外灵通已进入新的阶段，收支口贸易、双向投资的地位和作用发生了深远变化。必须顺应新的局势，创新对外经济办事想路，转变对外经济发展面容，擢升灵通型经济水平，酿成灵通型经济新样子。
China has entered a new stage of opening up in which the position and role of imports and exports as well as two-way investment have profoundly changed. We must adapt to changing circumstances, adopt new ways of thinking about our external economic work, change the mode of China's external economic growth, open China's economy wider and bring about a new phase in China's open economy.
保持对外贸易踏实发展。咱们强调扩大内需，但决弗成忽视外需对我国经济发展的重要作用。要保持外贸政策基本踏实。踏实出口退税政策，扩大贸易融资和信用保障，改进海关、质检、外汇等方面的监管和服务，匡助企业克服订单不及、成本升高、摩擦增多等多重穷苦和压力。要加速转变外贸发展面容。深入实施科技兴贸、以质取胜和阛阓多元化计谋，支柱企业培育自主品牌、营销收集和研发中心，指引加工贸易向产业链高端延迟、向中西部转变。巩固好意思日欧传统阛阓，开拓新兴阛阓。
We will maintain steady growth in foreign trade. While expanding domestic demand is crucial, we can never overlook the importance of external demand in China's economic development. We will maintain general continuity in China's foreign trade policy. We will continue to implement the export tax rebate policy; increase trade financing and credit insurance; ensure that customs, quality inspectors, and foreign exchange authorities improve their supervision and services; and help enterprises overcome difficulties and pressures resulting from falling orders, rising costs, and increasing trade friction. We will speed up transformation of the way we develop foreign trade. We will fully implement the strategy of boosting trade through upgrading technologies, improving quality, and diversifying markets. We will support enterprises in building their own brands, marketing networks, and R&D centers, and guide our processing trade to move up the industrial chain and shift to the central and western regions. We will consolidate traditional markets in the United States, Japan, and Europe and open up emerging markets.
踏实作事密集型家具出口，扩大高手艺、高附加值家具出口，按捺高耗能、高浑浊家具出口。放肆发展服务贸易，链接服务外包。制定加强入口、促进贸易平衡的指导意见，完善入口政策，搭建更多的入口促进平台，推动收支口平衡发展。
We will keep labor-intensive exports stable, expand the export of high-tech and high-value-added products, and limit the export of goods whose production is energy intensive and highly polluting. We will work hard to promote trade in services and undertake more services outsourced by other countries. We will adopt guidelines to increase imports and promote trade balance, improve import policies, build more platforms to promote imports, and work for balanced growth of exports and imports.
提高利用外天禀量。对峙积极灵验利用外资的方针，愈加注重优化结构和提高质地。实施新转换的外商投钞票业指导目次，指引外资更多投向先进制造业、高新手艺产业、节能环保产业、现代服务业和中西部地区。
We will improve the use of foreign capital. We will adhere to the policy of actively and effectively utilizing foreign capital and give greater importance to optimizing its structure and raising its quality. We will implement the newly revised Proposed List of Industries for Foreign Investment, and encourage more foreign investment in advanced manufacturing, new and high technologies, energy conservation, environmental protection, new service industries, and the central and western regions.
实施“走出去”计谋。我国正处于对外投资加速发展的重要阶段，要加强宏不雅指导，强化政策支柱，简化审批手续，健全服务保障。指引各类统统制企业有序开展境外能源、原材料、农业、制造业、服务业、基础设施等边界投资合作和跨国并购。创新境外经贸合作区发展模式，支柱“走出去”的企业互相协同、集群发展。放宽住户境外投资舍弃。加强对外投资风险不竭，顾惜我境外企业东谈主员和钞票安全。
We will implement the "go global" strategy. With China's outward investment in an important stage of accelerated development, we will enhance macro-guidance, increase policy support, streamline approval procedures, and improve services for Chinese investors. We will guide Chinese enterprises under various forms of ownership in making overseas investments, mergers and acquisitions in energy, raw materials, agriculture, manufacturing, service industries, and infrastructure in an orderly manner. We will explore new models for overseas economic and trade cooperation zones, and support companies making overseas investments in coordinating their growth and forming clusters. We will standardize development of cooperative overseas labor services. Restrictions on individuals investing overseas will be relaxed. We will strengthen risk management of overseas investments and protect the safety of employees and assets of Chinese enterprises operating overseas.
参与全球经济治理和区域合作。努力保持与发达国度经贸关系踏实发展，全面深化与发展中国度的互利合作。赓续激动自贸区建设和区域经济一体化程度。积极参与二十国集团等全球经济治理机制建设，加强与主要经济体宏不雅经济政策调和，反对千般格式的保护主义，赓续在多哈回合谈判、国际金融体系转换中阐述建设性作用。
We will participate in global economic governance and regional cooperation. We will strive to maintain steady growth of China's economic and trade relations with developed countries and comprehensively deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with developing countries. We will continue to promote development of free trade zones and regional economic integration. We will actively participate in building mechanisms for global economic governance such as the G20, strengthen coordination with major economies on macroeconomic policy, oppose protectionism in all its forms, and continue to play a constructive role in the Doha Round of trade talks and the reform of the international financial system.
诸君代表！我国事归并的多民族国度，各民族共同联结粗莽、共同荣华发展，国度才能兴旺发达。要对峙和完善民族区域自治轨制，厚爱贯彻落实中央支柱少数民族和民族地区发展的政策措施，放肆实施扶持东谈主口较少民族发展、激动兴边富民行动和发展少数民族功绩霸术。坚韧不移地巩固和发展对等联结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系。
Fellow deputies, China is a unified, multiethnic country. Only when its ethnic groups are united as one and work for the development of all can China achieve prosperity. We will adhere to and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, fully implement the central leadership's policies and measures for supporting the development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and energetically implement plans to support development of ethnic groups with small populations, projects to bring prosperity to border areas and residents there, and services for ethnic minorities. We will unwaveringly consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, solidarity, mutual assistance, and harmony.
厚爱贯彻党的宗教办事基本方针。顾惜宗教团体、宗教界东谈主士和信教群众的正当权益，充分阐述他们在促进经济发展、文化荣华、社会和谐中的积极作用。全面贯彻党的侨务政策。顾惜外洋侨胞和归侨侨眷正当权益，支柱他们积极参与故国现代化建设与和平归并伟业。
We will fully implement the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs, protect the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and support them in taking an active part in the endeavor to modernize China and in advancing the great cause of China's peaceful reunification.
诸君代表！巩固的国防和康健的部队，是顾惜国度主权、安全和发展利益的毅力后援。要着眼全面履行新世纪新阶段部队历史职责，全面加强部队立异化现代化正规化建设，不竭提高以打赢信息化条款下局部搏斗才调为中枢的完成千般化军事任务的才调。加强想想政治建设，对峙党对部队十足指导的根柢原则和东谈主民部队的根柢宗旨。积极开展信息化条款下军事教师。
Fellow deputies, strong national defense and powerful armed forces provide a firm guarantee for safeguarding China's sovereignty, security, and development interests. We will make the armed forces more revolutionary, modern, and standardized in all respects so they can comprehensively accomplish their historic mission at the new stage in the new century. We will enhance the armed forces' capability to accomplish a wide range of military tasks, the most important of which is to win local wars under information-age conditions. We will strengthen their ideological and political standards, and adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party having absolute leadership over the armed forces, and we should maintain the Chinese armed forces' fundamental purpose of being an army of the people. We will vigorously carry out military training under information-age conditions.
加速全面建设现代后勤要领。放肆提高国防科技和火器装备自主创新才调。服从培养高素养新式军事东谈主才。积极恰当地实施国防和部队转换。对峙照章治军、从严治军。全面建设现代化武装捕快力量。加强国防动员和后备力量建设。坚决完成反恐维稳、处置突发事件、抢险救灾等任务。对峙军民结合、寓军于民，走中国脾气军民会通式发展途径。巩固发展军政军民联结。
We will accelerate the modernization of the logistics support system, and vigorously enhance our capacity for making innovations in defense-related science and technology and in weapons and equipment development. We will focus on training a new type of highly competent military personnel. We will actively yet prudently carry out reform of national defense and the armed forces. We will run the armed forces with strict disciplineand in accordance with the law. We will comprehensively modernize the armed police force. We will strengthen national defense mobilization and improve our reserves. We will ensure the armed forces resolutely accomplish the tasks of combating terrorism, maintaining stability, handling emergencies, and relieving disasters. We will follow the path of integrated military and civilian development with Chinese characteristics by unifying military and civilian industries and embedding military programs in civilian industries. We will consolidate and develop solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.
诸君代表！香港、澳门与故国喜忧关系、荣辱与共。咱们将坚韧不移地贯彻“一国两制”、“港东谈主治港”、“澳东谈主治澳”、高度自治的方针，全力支柱香港、澳门发展经济，改善民生，激动民主。支柱特区政府积极搪塞国际经济风险挑战，顾惜经济金融踏实和始终荣华发展。衔尾和落实好支柱港澳经济社会发展的系列政策措施，大幅擢升内地对港澳服务贸易灵通水平，加速激动港珠澳大桥等基础设施建设和对接，深化合作，支柱港澳参与国际和区域经济合作。
Fellow deputies, Hong Kong and Macao are closely bound with the mainland of China and we share a common destiny. We will unwaveringly implement the principle of "one country, two systems" under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong and the people of Macao govern Macao and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy, and we will fully support the two regions in growing their economies, improving the people's wellbeing and promoting democracy. We support the governments of the two special administrative regions in meeting the challenges of international economic risks and in upholding economic and financial stability and ensuring long-term prosperity and development. We will implement coordinated policies and measures for supporting the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao, open the mainland much wider to trade in services with the two regions, accelerate the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and other shared infrastructure projects, and deepen cooperation with Hong Kong and Macao to support them in participating in international and regional economic cooperation.
支柱香港巩固和擢升国际金融、贸易、航运中心性位，建设离岸东谈主民币业务中心。支柱澳门建设世界旅游悠闲中心，激动横琴新区建设，促进经济按捺多元发展。咱们信赖，有伟大故国行为毅力后援，香港、澳门本族一定或者把我方的家园建设得愈加好意思好！
We support Hong Kong in consolidating and elevating its position as an international financial, trade, and shipping center, and in becoming a center of offshore RMB transactions. We support Macao in becoming a world center of tourism and leisure, building the Hengqin New Area, and diversifying Macao's economy as necessary. We believe that with the staunch support of the great motherland, our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will certainly create an even brighter future for themselves.
曩昔的一年，两岸关系汲取了严峻教育，获得了积极进展。反对“台独”、认可“九二共鸣”，巩固调换合作效果，促进两岸关系和平发展，日益成为两岸本族的共应许愿。新的一年，咱们要赓续对峙中央对台办事的大政方针，增强两岸关系发展的政治、经济、文化和民气基础，拓展两岸关系和平发展新风光。
Last year, relations across the Taiwan Straits withstood serious tests and improved considerably. Opposing Taiwan independence, accepting the 1992 Consensus, consolidating achievements in exchanges and cooperation, and promoting peaceful development of cross-Straits relations have increasingly become shared aspirations of the people on both sides of the Straits. In 2012, we will adhere to the central leadership's policies on work related to Taiwan; strengthen the political, economic, and cultural foundation and public support for growing cross-Straits relations; and make further progress in promoting their peaceful development.
要全面深化经济金会通作，推动两岸经济合作框架契约后续商谈获得新进展。加速海峡西岸经济区建设。积极扩大各界往返，开展文化、阐明等调换，使两岸本族谈论更细巧，热枕更靠近，利益更会通。全体中华儿女要愈加细巧地联结起来，为完成故国归并伟业、已毕中华英才伟大回复而努力粗莽！
We will deepen all-around cross-Straits economic and financial cooperation, and strive to make new progress in the follow-up talks on the Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement. We will accelerate development of the Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone. We will energetically expand cross-Straits exchanges between people from all walks of life and carry out cultural, educational and other exchanges to forge a closer bond and increase mutual attachment and common interests between the two sides. All Chinese people should unite more closely and endeavor to accomplish the great cause of China's reunification and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
诸君代表！新的一年，社交办事要更好地服务于转换灵通和社会主义现代化建设大局，为促进世界经济增长、顾惜和平踏实作出更大孝敬。咱们将赓续深化同邻近国度的睦邻友好关系，积极参与邻近千般合作机制，推动区域合作深入发展，共同营造和平踏实、对等互信、合作共赢的地区环境。咱们将与宏大发展中国度加强联结合作，深化传统友谊，扩大互利合作，推动已毕连结国千年发展概念，顾惜发展中国度的正当权益和共同利益。
Fellow deputies, in the new year, China's diplomacy should better promote the country's over-arching goal of promoting reform, opening up, and socialist modernization; and make greater contributions to global economic growth and world peace and stability. We will continue to deepen friendly relations with our neighbors; actively participate in cooperation mechanisms with them; deepen regional cooperation; and work with them in creating a regional environment of peace, stability, equality, mutual trust, cooperation, and mutual benefit.
咱们将加强与各大国的计谋对话，增进计谋互信，拓展合作边界，激动互关系系始终踏实健康发展。咱们将积极参与多边事务和全球治理，推动国际次第朝着愈加公正合理的概念发展。咱们将坚韧不移地走和平发展谈路，对峙自强流派的和平社交政策，奉行互利共赢的灵通计谋，同世界列国一起，为促进东谈主类时髦进步，增进列国东谈主民的福祉和建设一个历久和平、共同荣华的和谐世界而不懈努力！
We will enhance unity and cooperation with other developing countries, deepen traditional friendships, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, help achieve the UN Millennium Development Goals, and uphold the legitimate rights and interests as well as the common interests of developing countries. We will increase strategic dialogue with other major countries to promote strategic mutual trust, broaden areas of cooperation, and promote the long-term, steady, and sound growth of our relations with them. We will actively participate in multilateral affairs and global governance and contribute to making the international political and economic order more just and equitable. We will adhere to the path of peaceful development, continue to pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, and follow an open strategy of mutual benefit. We will work tirelessly with other countries to advance human civilization, improve the wellbeing of people in all countries, and build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.
诸君代表！牵挂曩昔，咱们拼搏奋进，获得显耀成就；瞻望畴昔，咱们任重谈远，仍须不懈努力。让咱们细巧联结在以胡锦涛同道为总布告的党中央周围，解放想想，开拓创新，塌实办事，奋勉始创社会主义现代化建设新风光！
In the past, we have achieved remarkable progress through hard work. In the future, we must continue to work tirelessly to accomplish the important tasks on the road ahead. Let all of us rally closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, free our minds, forge ahead in the spirit of innovation, make solid progress in our work, and strive to further advance socialist modernization.